||
▲ Vol 58 Issue 07 | 20 February , 2024
Dynamic Traffic Data in Machine-Learning Air Quality Mapping Improves Environmental Justice Assessment
Yifan Wen, Shaojun Zhang, Yuan Wang, Jiani Yang, Liyin He, Ye Wu, and Jiming Hao
Air pollution poses a critical public health threat around many megacities but in an uneven manner. Conventional models are limited to depict the highly spatial- and time-varying patterns of ambient pollutant exposures at the community scale for megacities. Here, we developed a machine-learning approach that leverages the dynamic traffic profiles to continuously estimate community-level year-long air pollutant concentrations in Los Angeles, U.S. We found the introduction of real-world dynamic traffic data significantly improved the spatial fidelity of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), maximum daily 8-h average ozone (MDA8 O3), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) simulations by 47%, 4%, and 15%, respectively. We successfully captured PM2.5 levels exceeding limits due to heavy traffic activities and providing an “out-of-limit map” tool to identify exposure disparities within highly polluted communities. In contrast, the model without real-world dynamic traffic data lacks the ability to capture the traffic-induced exposure disparities and significantly underestimate residents’ exposure to PM2.5. The underestimations are more severe for disadvantaged communities such as black and low-income groups, showing the significance of incorporating real-time traffic data in exposure disparity assessment.
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.3c07545
▲ Vol 12 Issue 07 | 21 February , 2024
Regulation of the upconversion effect to promote the removal of biofilms on a titanium surface via photoelectrons
Kai Wang, Yufei Tang, Keyi Yao, Shuqi Feng, Bingfeng Wu, Lin Xiang and Xuemei Zhou
Biofilms on public devices and medical instruments are harmful. Hence, it is of great importance to fabricate antibacterial surfaces. In this work, we target the preparation of an antibacterial surface excited by near-infrared light via the coating of rare earth nanoparticles (RE NPs) on a titanium surface. The upconverted luminescence is absorbed by gold nanoparticles (Au NPs, absorber) to produce hot electrons and reactive oxygen species to eliminate the biofilms. The key parameters in tuning the upconversion effect to eliminate the biofilms are systematically investigated, which include the ratios of the sensitizer, activator, and matrix in the RE NPs, or the absorber Au NPs. The regulated RE NPs exhibit an upconversion quantum yield of 3.5%. Under illumination, photogenerated electrons flow through the surface to bacteria, such as E. coli, which disrupt the breath chain and eventually lead to the death of bacteria. The mild increase of the local temperature has an impact on the elimination of biofilms on the surface to a certain degree as well. Such a configuration on the surface of titanium exhibits a high reproducibility on the removal of biofilms and is functional after the penetration of light using soft tissue. This work thus provides a novel direction in the application of upconversion materials to be used in the fabrication of antibacterial surfaces.
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/tb/d3tb02542j
▲ Vol 12 Issue 07 | 21 February , 2024
Embedded bioprinted multicellular spheroids modeling pancreatic cancer bioarchitecture towards advanced drug therapy
Xiaoyun Wei, Yiwen Wu, Keke Chen, Ling Wang and Mingen Xu
The desmoplastic bioarchitecture and microenvironment caused by fibroblasts have been confirmed to be closely related to the drug response behavior of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Despite the extensive progress in developing PDAC models as in vitro drug screening platforms, developing efficient and controllable approaches for the construction of physiologically relevant models remains challenging. In the current study, multicellular spheroid models that emulate pancreatic cancer bioarchitecture and the desmoplastic microenvironment are bioengineered. An extrusion-based embedded dot bioprinting strategy was established to fabricate PDAC spheroids in a one-step process. Cell-laden hydrogel beads were directly deposited into a methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) suspension bath to generate spherical multicellular aggregates (SMAs), which further progressed into dense spheroids through in situ self assembly. By modulating the printing parameters, SMAs, even from multiple cell components, could be manipulated with tunable size and flexible location, achieving tunable spheroid patterns within the hydrogel bath with reproducible morphological features. To demonstrate the feasibility of this printing strategy, we fabricated desmoplastic PDAC spheroids by printing SMAs consisting of tumor cells and fibroblasts within the GelMA matrix bath. The produced hybrid spheroids were further exposed to different concentrations of the drug gemcitabine to verify their potential for use in cell therapy. Beyond providing a robust and facile bioprinting system that enables desmoplastic PDAC bioarchitecture bioengineering, this work introduces an approach for the scalable, flexible and rapid fabrication of cell spheroids or multi-cell-type spheroid patterns as platforms for advanced drug therapy or disease mechanism exploration.
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/tb/d3tb02913a
<静远嘲风动漫传媒科技中心>设计制作
购书链接:
☆科学的颜值:学术期刊封面故事及图像设计
https://item.jd.com/12802188.html
☆科技绘图/科研论文图/论文配图设计与创作自学手册:CorelDRAW篇
https://item.jd.com/13504674.html
☆科技绘图/科研论文图/论文配图设计与创作自学手册:Maya+PSP篇
https://item.jd.com/13504686.html
☆科技绘图/科研论文图/论文配图设计与创作自学手册:科研动画篇
https://item.jd.com/13048467.html#crumb-wrap
☆SCI图像语法-科技论文配图设计使用技巧
https://item.jd.com/10073529532924.html?bbtf=1
静远嘲风(MY Scimage) 成立于2007年,嘲风取自中国传统文化中龙生九子,子子不同的传说,嘲风为守护屋脊之瑞兽,喜登高望远;静远取自成语“宁静致远”,登高莫忘初心,远观而不可务远。
学习更多绘图教程关注:
Archiver|手机版|科学网 ( 京ICP备07017567号-12 )
GMT+8, 2024-5-4 02:18
Powered by ScienceNet.cn
Copyright © 2007- 中国科学报社