Retrograde Signaling: A New Candidate Signaling Molecule.The Plant Cell November 2011 vol. 23 no. 11 3870

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岁末，还能学点新东西也是件快事。我对这个词感兴趣“Retrograde Signaling”，很简单的道理我搞不清楚它是什么东西。我闺女对很多东西也感到好奇，我和她的区别在什么地方？我有能力比较快的弄清楚这是什么意思。Signaling from the chloroplast and mitochondria to the nucleus, termed retrograde signaling。我把它译为逆向信号，也就是从叶绿体和线粒体传输到细胞核的信号。基本功能：“regulates the expression of nuclear genes encoding organellar proteins and other cellular proteins to orchestrate organelle and cell development and metabolism.”调节这几类和基因的表达：1 编码细胞器的蛋白 2 （不好翻省略） 3 细胞发育和代谢。意义：It is a critical component of plant response to abiotic stresses, such as high light and drought stress。植物对非生物逆境，如高光和干旱压力，的应急反应的一个关键部分。

    这篇是关键文章

Evidence for a SAL1-PAP Chloroplast Retrograde Pathway  That Functions in Drought and High Light Signaling in Arabidopsis

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。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。

Examples of biogenic control mutants include the snowy cotyledon (Albrecht et al.,2010）Albrecht, V., Simkova´ , K., Carrie, C., Delannoy, E., Giraud, E.,Whelan, J., Small, I.D., Apel, K., Badger, M.R., and Pogson, B.J.
(2010). The cytoskeleton and the peroxisomal-targeted snowy cotyledon3 protein are required for chloroplast development in Arabidopsis.Plant Cell 22: 3423–3438.

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这段有点讨厌，这是在勾引我，唤起我对那个白叶脉突变体的兴趣。这世界很奇妙，对刺激有合适的反应，应该是一种基本功能。