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李振强,任升莲等——北秦岭二郎坪弧后盆地俯冲消减的构造演化时限

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北秦岭二郎坪弧后盆地俯冲消减的构造演化时限

李振强1 任升莲1 董树文2 李加好1 宋传中1 杨青亮1 张 刚1

(1.   合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院 合肥 2300092. 南京大学地球科学与工程学院 南京 210093

 摘 要 秦岭造山带早古生代发育一套完整的“沟—弧—盆”体系,其中二郎坪群作为弧后盆地的代表。为了查明二郎坪弧后盆地俯冲消减的构造演化时限,本文以二郎坪群及其相关侵入岩体为研究对象,进行了锆石U-Pb年代学研究。研究结果表明,火神庙组斜长角闪片岩测得锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为495.2±6.9 Ma,属于原岩的结晶年龄;侵入二郎坪群内部的变形岩体主要代表为板山坪岩体、张家庄岩体、郭家幔岩体,测得其结晶年龄分别为479.9±5.6 Ma461.5±5.4 Ma456.5±6.3 Ma。板山坪岩体的变形特征与二郎坪群北部岩片向北俯冲消减特征相同,张家庄岩体、郭家幔岩体的变形特征与二郎坪群南部岩片向南俯冲消减特征相同。另外,在二郎坪群南部岩片内部发现顺面理面侵入的未变形岩脉,其结晶年龄为427.8±5.4 Ma,以及切穿二郎坪群南部岩片面理的未变形岩脉,给出一颗锆石结晶年龄为388 Ma。综合上述以及前人研究成果,认为二郎坪弧后盆地可能于460 Ma闭合,其俯冲消减方式为双向式俯冲,并且两侧岩片俯冲变形可能持续至427 Ma,最终岩石俯冲变形结束时间上限为388 Ma

关键词 北秦岭 二郎坪弧后盆地 双向式俯冲 锆石U-Pb年代学 构造演化

 Tectonic evolution time limit of subduction in Erlangping back-arc basinNorth Qinling

 Li Zhenqiang1 Ren Shenglian1 Dong Shuwen2 Li Jiahao1

Song Chuanzhong1 Yang Qingliang1 Zhang Gang1

1. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 2300092. School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093

Abstract:A complete “trench-arc-basin” system was developed in the Early Paleozoic in the Qinling orogenic belt, in which the Erlangping Group is the representative of the back-arc basin. In order to find out the tectonic evolution time limit of subduction in Erlangping back-arc basin, the zircon U-Pb chronology of Erlangping Group and its intrusive bodies is studied in this paper. The results show that the U-Pb weighted average age of zircons from amphibolite schist of Huoshenmiao formation is 495.2±6.9 Ma, which represents its crystallization age. The deformed rock bodies intruded into the Erlangping Group are mainly represented by Banshanping pluton, Zhangjiazhuang pluton and Guojiaman pluton, and their crystallization ages are 479.9±5.6 Ma, 461.5 ±5.4 Ma and 456.5±6.3 Ma, respectively. The deformation characteristics of the Banshanping pluton are the same as those of the northward subduction of the northern part of Erlangping Group, and the deformation characteristics of the Zhangjiazhuang pluton and the Guojiaman pluton are the same as the southward subduction of the southern part of Erlangping Group. In addition, undeformed dikes intruded along the foliation plane are found in the southern part of the Erlangping Group, with a crystallization age of 427.8±5.4 Ma, and the undeformed dikes cut through the southern part of the Erlangping Group, and a zircon gives a crystallization age of 388 Ma. Based on the above and previous research results, it is considered that the Erlangping back-arc basin may have been closed at 460 Ma, its subduction mode is bidirectional subduction, and the subduction deformation on both sides may last up to 427 Maand the final end time of rock subduction deformation is 388 Ma.

Keywords   North Qinling, Erlangping back-arc basin, Zircon U-Pb chronological, Tectonic evolution

 

秦岭造山带是华北板块与华南板块汇聚形成的复合造山带,经历了长期、多次不同造山作用,是中国中央造山带的重要组成部分(Mattauer et al.1985Kroner et al.1993Meng et al.1999;张国伟等,2001a)。前人研究表明秦岭造山带至少经历了新元古代、古生代和中生代3次大规模的构造岩浆热事件以及造山作用,其中早古生代的造山作用对于认识秦岭造山带的形成演化具有重要意义。

国内外地质学家先后在秦岭造山带开展一系列的研究(Mattauer et al.1985;张国伟等,1995a1995b1996a1996b19972001a2001b2004;张本仁等,1996;许志琴等,19882006Meng et al.1999;姜春发等,2000Meng and Zhang2000 Faure et al.2001Sun et al.2002;杨经绥等,2003;任纪舜,2004;王宗起等,2009a2009b),并取得了重要成果。现有的研究资料表明:商南—丹凤缝合带是南北秦岭的分界线,是商丹洋闭合的产物(张国伟等,1997);商丹洋向北俯冲闭合的过程中,在华北板块南缘的活动大陆边缘形成一套完整的商丹洋弧—盆体系(张国伟等,2001a;王宗起等,2009b),即秦岭群岛弧和二郎坪弧后盆地体系。从华北板块南缘向南,构造地质单元主要为宽坪群、二郎坪群、秦岭群、丹凤群、商丹缝合带(图1)。秦岭群和二郎坪群是该弧盆体系中岛弧和弧后盆地的物质残存。然而,由于秦岭造山带的结构复杂性、造山带类型多样性以及多期活动性,导致对其构造演化历史存在一定争议。例如,二郎坪弧后盆地的俯冲消减以及闭合时间存在中奥陶世、中志留世、中奥陶世—中志留世等观点(Dong et al.2011a;李源,2011;程世秀,2014Liu et al.2016;任龙,2019;郑菲,2019),这些分歧严重制约了人们对秦岭造山带构造演化的认识。

二郎坪群作为二郎坪弧后盆地的物质残存,保存了二郎坪弧—盆体系构造演化过程中不同时期的岩浆活动的记录,为探讨二郎坪弧后盆地俯冲消减的时代提供了可能。本文通过对二郎坪群以及侵入二郎坪群各个组的同变形岩体和未变形岩脉开展了锆石U-Pb年代研究,结合前人对北秦岭的研究成果,探讨了二郎坪弧后盆地俯冲消减年代以及闭合的时限。

 

image2.jpeg

1 秦岭造山带地质构造简图及二郎坪群分布图(张国伟等,2001b修改)

Fig. 1 Geological structure diagram of Qinling orogenic belt (modified from Zhang et al.2001b)


image3.jpeg

2 二郎坪群地质简图(据秦岭—大巴山及其邻区地质图修改)

a. 西峡地区二郎坪群地质简图;b. 桐柏地区二郎坪群地质简图

Fig. 2 Geological map of Erlangping Group (modified from geological map of Qinling-Daba mountains and adjacent region) 


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