原文名：Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum, 6S: An Overview

发表于：IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING, VOL. 35, NO. 3, MAY 1997

卫星信号中太阳光谱的二次模拟，6S模型：综述

Eric F. Vermote, Didier Tanr′ e, Jean Luc Deuz′ e, Maurice Herman, and Jean-Jacques Morcrette

摘要：在卫星、航空平台对陆地、海洋表面的可见光、红外光的遥感中，大气在日-目标（表面）-传感器的路径中有着重要的影响。本文提出了一种6S模型（卫星信号中太阳光谱的二次模拟），是一种可以精确模拟上述问题的计算机代码。6S模型是由法国光学实验室十年前研发的5S（卫星信号中太阳光谱的模拟）模型的改进版。新版本允许进行飞行器观察的星下点（下视）计算，考虑了目标高度、非朗伯表面的秦光以及新的吸收类别（CH₄，NO₂，CO）。由于采用了逐次散射法（SOS）最新的估计和实现方法，瑞利散射和气溶胶散射效应的计算准确率也得到了提高。光谱集成的步长（分辨率）也提高到2.5nm。本文的目的不是提供该方法的一个完整描述，这些可以从6S手册中获得详细内容。本文旨在通过一些典型遥感问题的实验来说明5S和6S的改进效果。不管怎样，6S的代码还有着一定的局限性。它无法处理球面大气的问题，因此不能用于边缘（limb）观测。另外，我们所耦合的吸收散射效应的代码不可以用于强吸收波段。

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Eric F. Vermote(M’95) received the Engineer degree in computer science in 1987 from Ecoles des

Hautes Etudes Industrielles (H.E.I.), Lille, France, and the Ph.D. degree in atmospheric optics from the University of Lille in 1990. He is currently assistant research scientist in the

Department of Geography, University of Maryland, with work performed at NASA Goddard Space

Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. He is EOS/MODIS Science Team Member responsible for the atmospheric correction over land surfaces in the visible to middle infrared. His research interests cover radiative transfer modeling, vicarious calibration, atmospheric correction and aerosol retrieval.

Didier Tanr′e, received the M.Sc. degree in physics in 1975 and the “These de 3eme Cycle” and

“Doctarat d’Etat” in atmospheric physics in 1977 and 1982, respectively, all from the Universite des Sciences et Techniques de Lille, France. He is an atmospheric scientist in the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), collocated with the Laboratoire d’Optique Atmospherique at the Universite des Sciences et Techniques de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France, where he has been a research scientist since 1982. He has been a member of the MODIS/EOS Science team since 1989. In addition to these positions, he was an NRC Resident Research Associate at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, from 1989 through

1991. His research is presently focused on aerosol remote sensing from satellite as well as on ground-based measurements.

Jean Luc Deuz′ e, received the M.S. degree in physics in 1970 and the Ph.D. degree in atmospheric optics in 1974 from the University of Lille, France. He is currently a Professor of Physics at the University of Lille and a researcher at the Laboratoire d’Optique  Atmospherique. His research activities focus on radiative transfer modelling within the atmosphere and the inversion of sky radiance measurements for aerosol monitoring. He

is also involved in field campaigns to monitor aerosols (Airborne POLDER flights) and to estimate the radiance at the sensor level (SPOT calibration, atmospheric corrections).

One of his main interests is in exploiting polarization data to retrieve aerosol properties for climate investigations. Within the POLDER project, he is in charge of the inversion schemes for getting aerosol characteristics over both ocean and land surfaces.

Maurice Hermanreceived the degree in physics in 1962, and the Ph.D. degree in physics in 1968, both from the University of Lille, France. He is currently Professor and Director of the Laboratoire d’Optique Atmospherique at Universite des Sciences et Technologies of Lille. His experiment is principally in the area of aerosol remote sensing. His research activities concern radiative transfer and atmospheric signal modeling, planetary atmosphere studies from analysis of telescopic observations, and ground-based and balloon-borne remote sensing of aerosols, with special emphasis on polarization.

Jean-Jacques Morcrette received the “These de 3eme cycle” and “Doctorat d’Etat” in atmospheric physics in 1977 and 1984, respectively, from the Universite des Sciences et Techniques de Lille, France. He was a visiting fellow with the National Research Council of Canada in 1978 to 1979, working on satellite retrieval of surface temperature for the Great Lakes and on the radiation transfer for the Canadian Climate Center GCM. He has been an atmospheric scientist with CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) since 1980. After a post-doctoral fellowship at the National Center for Atmospheric Research from mid-1984 to mid-1986, he was detached from CNRS to ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts) where he is in charge of the development and validation of the radiation transfer parameterization for the forecast model.