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传统CMOS数字电路,利用MOSFET 向节点(带有电容)充放电荷,产生高低电平。
“高电平”表示逻辑“1“,”低电平“表示逻辑”0“。
超导单磁通量子(Single flux quantum, SFQ)数字电路,利用约瑟夫森结向回路(具有电感)充放磁通,产生电压脉冲。
“有脉冲“表示逻辑”1“,”无脉冲“表示逻辑”0“。
图1展示了两种数字电路逻辑信号的不同。
图1. CMOS数字电路与SFQ数字电路逻辑信号对比
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电磁场通量分配模型(Electromagnetic-Flux-Distribution Model)是一种以电荷和磁通为载流子,分析约瑟夫森结电路、相滑移结电路等相位相关(phase-dependent)电路的通用模型。其对应的 磁通流通图(Magnetic-Flux-Flow diagram,MFF diagram)和 电通流图(Electric-charge-flow diagram,ECF diagram)是描绘电荷和磁通传输的交互式电路图,能帮助我们更直观地分析载流子的电磁场相互作用,加深对电路功能的理解 [1-4]。特别的,MFF图以磁通为载流子,直观的诠释了 具有宏观量子效应的超导约瑟夫森结电路 的工作原理。
[1] Y. L. Wang, " Electromagnetic-Field-Based Circuit Theory and Charge-Flux-Flow Diagrams," arXiv:2403.16025, pp. 1-40, 2024. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.16025
[2] Y. L. Wang, "An Electromagnetic-Flux-Distribution Model for Analyses of Superconducting Josephson Junction Circuits and Quantum Phase-Slip Junction Circuits," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 1-6, Aug 2022.
[3] Y. L. Wang, "Magnetic-Flux-Flow Diagrams for Design and Analysis of Josephson Junction Circuits," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 1-8, Oct 2023
[4] Y. L. Wang, "A general flux-Based Circuit Theory for Superconducting Josephson Junction Circuits," arXiv:2308.01693, pp. 1-35, 2023. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.01693
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