[小资料，图片，观察] 尼诺：太平洋、大西洋、爪哇岛-苏门答腊岛

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动： El Niño-Southern Oscillation

东太平洋厄尔尼诺： eastern Pacific El Niño

中太平洋厄尔尼诺： central Pacific El Niño

大西洋尼诺： Atlantic Niño

爪哇-苏门答腊/尼娜： Java–Sumatra Niño/Niña

哈得来环流： Hadley cell

费雷尔环流： Ferrel cell

   科学研究，观察是重要的。

图1  厄尔尼诺-南方涛动

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=184823&Type=bkzyb&SubID=139694

图2  东太平洋厄尔尼诺

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=184824&Type=bkzyb&SubID=139695

图3  中太平洋厄尔尼诺

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=184825&Type=bkzyb&SubID=139696

图4  大西洋尼诺

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=184827&Type=bkzyb&SubID=139698

图5  Java–Sumatra Niño/Niña.  爪哇-苏门答腊尼诺/尼娜 

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/41911

图6  1988年拉尼娜，1997年厄尔尼诺

https://www.climate.gov/sites/default/files/iconic_ENSO_610.jpg

https://www.climate.gov/news-features/blogs/enso/what-el-ni%C3%B1o%E2%80%93southern-oscillation-enso-nutshell

图7  A numerical model of daily global tides using sea level data from Topex-Poseidon. Credit: ESR.  使用Topex Poseidon的海平面数据的每日全球潮汐数值模型

https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2614/25-years-of-global-sea-level-data-and-counting/

   对照全球海水潮汐高度分布、厄尔尼诺-南方涛动遥相关，定性可见潮汐的综合作用。

   北纬、南纬两个 30°，会有类似厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜现象吗？哈得来环流（Hadley cell）和费雷尔环流（Ferrel cell）的作用吧？

图8  2023-10-12 海水表面温度距平

https://climatereanalyzer.org/clim/sst_daily/  

图9  2023-10-15 海水表面温度距平

https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/enso/

https://www.ospo.noaa.gov/data/cb/ssta/ssta.daily.current.png

   好像真有啊！

图10  Spatial distributions of the standard deviation in the global SST anomaly time series during the time 1870–2009. 1870–2009年全球SST距平时间序列标准差的空间分布。

https://storage.googleapis.com/plos-corpus-prod/10.1371/journal.pone.0153774/1/pone.0153774.g002.PNG_L?X-Goog-Algorithm=GOOG4-RSA-SHA256&X-Goog-Credential=wombat-sa%40plos-prod.iam.gserviceaccount.com%2F20231017%2Fauto%2Fstorage%2Fgoog4_request&X-Goog-Date=20231017T152520Z&X-Goog-Expires=86400&X-Goog-SignedHeaders=host&X-Goog-Signature=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

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0153774

参考资料：

[1] 2022-12-23，厄尔尼诺-南方涛动/El Niño-Southern Oscillation/谢瑞煌，中国大百科全书，第三版网络版[DB/OL]

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=184823&Type=bkzyb&SubID=139694

[2] 2022-12-23，东太平洋厄尔尼诺/eastern Pacific El Niño/谢瑞煌，中国大百科全书，第三版网络版[DB/OL]

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=184824&Type=bkzyb&SubID=139695

[3] 2023-08-15，中太平洋厄尔尼诺/central Pacific El Niño/谢瑞煌，中国大百科全书，第三版网络版[DB/OL]

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=184825&Type=bkzyb&SubID=139696

[4] 2022-12-23，大西洋尼诺/Atlantic Niño/谢瑞煌，中国大百科全书，第三版网络版[DB/OL]

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=184827&Type=bkzyb&SubID=139698

[5] 2023-03-17,拉尼娜/La Nina/郝志新，中国大百科全书，第三版网络版[DB/OL]

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=633748&Type=bkzyb&SubID=248138

[5] Sang-Ki Lee, Hosmay Lopez, Gregory R. Foltz, Eun-Pa Lim, Dongmin Kim, Sarah M. Larson, Kandaga Pujiana, Denis L. Volkov, Soumi Chakravorty, Fabian A. Gomez. Java–Sumatra Niño/Niña and Its Impact on Regional Rainfall Variability [J]. Journal of Climate, 2022, 35(13): 4291-4308

doi:  10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0616.1

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/41911

[7] NOAA, 2023-10-12, El Niño & La Niña (El Niño-Southern Oscillation)

https://www.climate.gov/enso

[8] Birkel, S.D. 'Daily Sea Surface Temperature', Climate Reanalyzer (https://ClimateReanalyzer.org), Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, USA. Accessed on [date image/data downloaded].

https://climatereanalyzer.org/clim/sst_daily/

[9] Lei Jiang, Xia Zhao, Lu Wang. Long-Range Correlations of Global Sea Surface Temperature [J]. PLoS ONE, 2016, 11(4): 1-10.

doi:  10.1371/journal.pone.0153774

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0153774

[10] 2022-12-23，旋回/cycle/范若颖、龚一鸣，中国大百科全书，第三版网络版[DB/OL]

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=390653&Type=bkzyb&SubID=175631

   ①日历旋回包括由地月系统引力作用引起的潮汐旋回和地球的自转、公转旋回。其中潮汐旋回具有半日、1日、半月、1月等不同周期，对潮间带和潮下带生物具有重要影响，如双壳动物的壳体生长具有与潮汐类似的周期性特征。

相关链接：

[1] 2023-10-15，[打听，观察，讨论] “东亚-太平洋型”遥相关与地形相关吗？

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1406023.html

[2] 2023-10-15，[惊悚，恐惧，讨论] 地球古气候、厄尔尼诺、遥相关、万有引力，地球和宇宙的未来结局

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1406160.html

[3] 2023-10-12，[小资料，图片] 胡佛水坝（Hoover Dam）（关联 Jack St. Clair Kilby 的诺贝尔演讲）

https://wap.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1405716.html

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