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[小资料] 人类祖先露西 Human ancestor Lucy
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[小资料] 人类祖先露西 Human ancestor Lucy
说起人类祖先，大家对距今约320万年前的老祖母露西（Lucy）并不陌生。露西是一副南方古猿阿法种（Australopithecus afarensis）化石骨架的别称。
https://www.kepuchina.cn/tech/biology/201908/t20190829_1102007.shtml
Lucy is the name given to a fossilized partial skeleton of a member of a species we call Australopithecus afarensis. This now-extinct species is thought to be a human ancestor. Members of Lucy’s species, A. afarensis, did apparently spend time walking upright on the ground.
[机器翻译] 露西是我们称之为南方古猿（Australopithecus afarensis）的一个物种的部分骨骼化石的名字。这种现已灭绝的物种被认为是人类的祖先。露西的物种 A.afarensis 的成员显然在地面上直立行走。
https://earthsky.org/human-world/lucy-australopithecus-afarensis-tree-climber/
We did evolve in Africa but, rather than originating in one region, we emerged from populations across the continent in a process called “African multiregionalism”. Everything, from the identity of our last ancestor, when our species left Africa and what happened next, is up for revision.
[机器翻译] 我们确实在非洲发展，但我们并非起源于一个地区，而是在一个被称为“非洲多区域主义”的过程中从整个大陆的人口中脱颖而出。从我们上一代祖先的身份、我们物种离开非洲的时间以及接下来发生的事情，一切都有待修正。
https://www.newscientist.com/definition/human-evolution/
下面是网上搜集来的相关图片。感谢原作者和有关人员！
图1 A sculptor’s rendering of Lucy exhibited at the Houston Museum of Natural Science in Texas. Image credit: Dave Einsel/Getty Images.
德克萨斯州休斯顿自然科学博物馆展出了一位雕塑家对露西的描绘。
https://www.pulseheadlines.com/human-ancestor-lucy-spent-time-trees/55738/
https://images.pulseheadlines.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/lucy.jpg
图2 Full body reconstruction by paleoartist John Gurche of adult female Australopithecus afarensis “Lucy.” Image via Smithsonian Institution Human Origins Initiative. See terms of use.
古艺术家约翰·古奇（John Gurche）对成年雌性南方古猿“露西”的全身重建。
https://earthsky.org/human-world/lucy-australopithecus-afarensis-tree-climber/
https://earthsky.org/upl/2016/12/A_afarensis_Lucy_by_JohnGurche-683x1024.jpg
图3 Reconstructed skeleton of Australopithecus afarensis “Lucy.” Image via Smithsonian Institution Human Origins Initiative. See terms of use.
重建的南方古猿“露西”骨架。
https://earthsky.org/human-world/lucy-australopithecus-afarensis-tree-climber/
https://earthsky.org/upl/2016/12/afarensis_AL288_1_skeleton_Smithsonian.png
图4 The museum returned Lucy's bones to Ethiopia long ago, but displays replicas of her skeleton and her likely exterior. Chuck Crow
博物馆很早以前就将露西的骨骼送回了埃塞俄比亚，但展示了她的骨架和可能的外表的复制品。
图5 Lucy walked upright, qualifying her as an early human. Chuck Crow/The Plain Dealer.
露西直立行走，使她成为早期人类。
图6 The fossils that make up Lucy’s skeleton.
JOHN KAPPELMAN/UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
构成露西骨架的化石。
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/human-ancestor-lucy-was-a-tree-climber-evidence-suggests/
图7 A three-dimensional model of the early human ancestor, Australopithecus afarensis, known as Lucy, on display at the Houston Museum of Natural Science. PAT SULLIVAN, AP
休斯顿自然科学博物馆展出的早期人类祖先南方古猿露西的三维模型。
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/human-ancestor-lucy-was-a-tree-climber-evidence-suggests/
参考资料：
[1] 科普中国, 2019-08-29, 人类的祖先到底是谁？Nature最新研究推翻了之前的看法
https://www.kepuchina.cn/tech/biology/201908/t20190829_1102007.shtml
[2] 2016-12-01, Human ancestor ‘Lucy’ spent most of her time in trees
https://www.pulseheadlines.com/human-ancestor-lucy-spent-time-trees/55738/
[3] 2016-12-05, Human ancestor Lucy a tree climber
https://earthsky.org/human-world/lucy-australopithecus-afarensis-tree-climber/
[4] 2019-03-22, Cleveland Museum of Natural History celebrates Lucy, its famous hominid find
[5] 2016-12-03, Human ancestor "Lucy" was a tree climber, evidence suggests
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/human-ancestor-lucy-was-a-tree-climber-evidence-suggests/
[3] NewScientist, Human evolution, The story of human evolution begins in Africa 7 million years ago
https://www.newscientist.com/definition/human-evolution/
Until recently, the out-of-Africa paradigm had Homo sapiens evolving in East Africa around 150,000 years ago, becoming capable of modern behaviours around 60,000 years ago, and then migrating en masse to colonise the entire world. But new analyses of fossils, tools and DNA tell a different story. It looks like our species is far older – at least 300,000 years old – and was behaviourally sophisticated from the start. We did evolve in Africa but, rather than originating in one region, we emerged from populations across the continent in a process called “African multiregionalism”. Everything, from the identity of our last ancestor, when our species left Africa and what happened next, is up for revision. These are interesting times to be exploring the human story – no doubt, there will be more plot twists to come.
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感谢您的指教！
感谢您指正以上任何错误！
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