||
量子材料与npj Quantum Materials
钟伟
2021年6月7日
有这样一个段子,一个卖袜子的老板非常与时俱进,经常用最流行最时髦的词汇来包装、宣传自己的产品。早些年气功热,他就卖气功袜;磁化水流行的时候,他卖磁力袜;中脉远红火了,他卖远红外袜;再后来就是纳米袜、太阳能袜、富勒烯袜、石墨烯袜、防引力波辐射孕妇袜、过滤中微子袜,现在最高端的产品是“量子能量袜”。 “量子”成了当今最火最高大上的词汇:量子纠缠、量子通讯、量子计算机等这些既专业又时髦的词汇时时映入我们的眼帘、刻刻鼓噪我们的耳膜。“量子”并不是一个新的词汇,1900年被普朗克小心翼翼地提出来,没想到121年后的今天,不但重新引领了科技界,整个社会各界都跟着骚动起来,涌现出许许多多的与学术界的“量子”毫无关联的荒唐骗局。如某培训机构推出“量子波动速读”法,据称急速翻书1-5分钟,可以看完10万字的书,不仅能记住内容还能与书本发生量子感应,通过量子纠缠感知作者的心情;类似的“高科技”还有“量子吊坠”可以防癌;“量子面膜”,美丽纠缠的力量,让你更年轻;“量子手环”,与地球磁场共振,量子高频能量波使人体磁场瞬间与地球磁场一致,提升平衡力、支撑力、耐力、柔韧性;此外还有量子水、量子眼镜、量子防辐射手机贴膜等等上百种“量子产品”。可以肯定地说,所有这些“量子”生活用品,百分之百是骗局,无一例外。
2015年下半年,由Nature出版集团与南京大学及人工微结构协同创新中心合作,筹备出版发行一本学术刊物,2016年正式创刊,刊名叫《npj Quantum Materials》。取名量子材料,是否有赶时髦蹭热度之嫌?看官不要急于下结论,让我们先看看何为量子材料?
据维基百科“量子材料”词条的定义:量子材料覆盖凝聚态物理之一大宽广领域,以将一大类材料归于其麾下。这类材料具有一定的量子关联特征,或者具有特定的量子序,包括超导电性、磁序/铁性序。那些电子性质呈现“反常”量子效应的材料也当属此类,例如拓扑绝缘体、狄拉克电子系统。那些集体行为呈现量子特征的系统如超冷原子、冷激子、极化子等等体系也可归于此类。毫无疑问,衍生概念是量子材料研究的共同特征。Quantum materials is a broad term in condensed matter physics, to put under the same umbrella, materials that present strong electronic correlations and/or some type of electronic order (superconducting, magnetic order), or materials whose electronic properties are linked to non-generic quantum effects, such as topological insulators, Dirac electron systems such as graphene, as well as systems whose collective properties are governed by genuinely quantum behavior, such as ultra-cold atoms, cold excitons, polaritons, and so forth. A common thread in the study of quantum materials is the concept of emergence.
2016年,《Nature Physics》发表了一篇编辑评论文章(editorial):“The rise of quantum materials”(2),其中明确提出:Emergent phenomena are common in condensed matter. Their study now extends beyond strongly correlated electron systems, giving rise to the broader concept of quantum materials. 随后,Y. Tokura等在2017年于《Nature Physics》上发表热点综述文章:“Emergent functions of quantum materials”(3),其中总结了量子材料研究发展历程及所展现的一系列新颖现象。
再来看看npj Quantum Materials杂志涉及的研究领域:
npj Quantum Materials is an open access journal that publishes works that significantly advance the understanding of quantum materials, including their fundamental properties, fabrication and applications.
Research areas specifically covered in the journal include:
Superconductivity and Superconducting Materials: unconventional superconductors, cuprates, iron-based systems, heavy fermion superconductors, other novel superconductors
Correlated Electronic Physics and Materials: mott insulators, magnetism in correlated electron systems, colossal magnetoresistance, multiferroicity and multiferroics, quantum phase transitions, theory and numerical methods in correlated electron systems
Topological Quantum Physics and Materials: topological insulators and topological superconductors, dirac semimetals and weyl semimetals, majorana fermions, magnetic topological insulators, novel topological quantum states, topological heterostructures and devices
Other Correlated Systems:
heavy fermions, non-fermi liquids, quantum critical phenomena, quantum hall effects and fractional quantum hall effects, correlations in artificial quantum structures, Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity, ultracold atoms and related systems
Quantum Phenomena in Advanced Energy Materials: photovoltaic systems, photocatalysis, batteries and fuel cells, thermoelectrics, other advanced energy generation and storage.
Condensed Matters and Materials Science Issues in Advanced Quantum Technologies: including but not limited to quantum computations, quantum simulations, quantum communications, and quantum sensing among others.
可以说杂志的内容与量子材料的定义相当契合。经过近六年的努力,《npj Quantum Materials》杂志已经成为量子材料这一宽广领域的国际化著名载体。npj Quantum Materials每年刊登100篇左右的论文,不定期出版,成熟一篇刊登一篇。截至目前,论文作者来自美国(53.9%)、中国(33.9%)、德国(25%)、日本(13.9%)、瑞士(13.1)、法国(12.2%)、韩国(8.3%)和英国(8.3%)等国家,很多论文出自由多个国家组成的联合研究团队。2019年,npj Quantum Materials杂志的影响因子为6.562,引文主要来自PRB、PRL、APL、NC、AM、Nano Lett.、Nanoscale等国际核心期刊。
感谢各位多多关注npj Quantum Materials,其网站地址是:https://www.nature.com/npjquantmats/. 我们期待各位老师和同学积极投稿和宣传。
参考文献:
1)部分素材源于“量子材料QuantumMaterials公众号”
2)Nature Phys. 12, 105 (2016)
3)Nature Phys. 13, 1056 (2017)
Archiver|手机版|科学网 ( 京ICP备07017567号-12 )
GMT+8, 2024-12-21 23:03
Powered by ScienceNet.cn
Copyright © 2007- 中国科学报社