先引用邢志忠博文中的一些资料:
发表于1964年的四篇论文奠定了“希格斯”机制在基本粒子物理学中举足轻重的地位，其作者、期刊、投稿时间和发表时间如附表所示。由此可见，杰拉尔德·古拉尔尼克（Gerald Guralnik）、迪克·哈根（Dick Hagen） 和汤姆·基布尔（Tom Kibble）的工作明显晚于昂格勒和布劳特以及希格斯的工作。这三组科学家独立地探讨了标量场的对称性自发破缺机制，暗示了基本粒子或许可以通过这种方式获得质量。1967年，温伯格借助“希格斯”机制成功地建立了与实验事实相符的电弱统一理论。
作者 | 期刊 | 投稿时间 | 发表时间 |
昂格勒、布劳特 | 《物理评论快报》1964年第13卷第321页 | 1964年6月26日 | 1964年8月31日 |
希格斯 | 《物理快报》1964年第12卷第132页 | 1964年7月27日 | 1964年9月15日 |
希格斯 | 《物理评论快报》1964年第13卷第508页 | 1964年8月31日 | 1964年10月19日 |
古拉尔尼克、哈根、基布尔 | 《物理评论快报》1964年第13卷第585页 | 1964年10月12日 | 1964年11月16日 |
但是，哈根长期以来一直争议说，这个名字需要更改，不能使用希格斯的名字命名。
希格斯本人也对这个名字感到不爽，建议使用名字scalar boson （标量玻色子？）
今天，在伦敦帝国理工的基布尔发表声明说，他很”高兴“诺奖授予希格斯和昂格勒的工作。（读者读者们希望能明白这句话的意思！）
两位同事杰拉尔德·古拉尔尼克，迪克·哈根和我对这个发现都做出了贡献，但是，我们的论文毫无疑问是三篇发表出来最晚的。
因此不奇怪瑞典科学院不能包括我们在内，因为诺奖限制最多三人。
我衷心祝贺两位得奖者，彼得·希格斯和弗朗索瓦·昂格勒。
斯蒂芬·霍金对今天的诺奖称赞道：
在1960年代初期，理论家们争相解释为什么粒子具有质量。彼得·希格斯和弗朗索瓦·昂格勒建议了一种对称性破缺的机制。这个机制预言了一种有质量的粒子，希格斯玻色子。欧洲核子中心去年发现了一种粒子，该粒子的性质证实了这个预言，这是理论的胜利凯旋。
参考英文原文如下。
Higgs was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, but it was in Edinburgh in 1964 that he had his big idea - an explanation of why the matter in the Universe has substance, or mass.
His theory involved a missing particle in the Standard Model of physics, which has come to be known as the Higgs boson.
Within weeks, Francois Englert had independently published his own, similar theory, alongside his now deceased colleague Robert Brout.
Three other physicists - Gerald Guralnik, Tom Kibble and Carl Hagen - also made key contributions to the theory, and spoke at the announcement of the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012.
Hagen has long argued for the name of the particle to be changed, protesting at the "rock star" status in which Higgs is held.
And Higgs, too, has expressed his discomfort with the attention he has received, preferring to call the particle "the scalar boson".
In a statement on Tuesday, Kibble, of Imperial College London, said he was "glad" the Nobel prize had gone to the work of Higgs and Englert.
"My two collaborators, Gerald Guralnik and Carl Hagen, and I contributed to that discovery, but our paper was unquestionably the last of the three to be published.
"It is therefore no surprise that the Swedish Academy felt unable to include us, constrained as they are by a self-imposed rule that the prize cannot be shared by more than three people.
"My sincere congratulations go to the two prize winners, Francois Englert and Peter Higgs."
And the renowned physicist Prof Stephen Hawking added his praise: "In the early 60s, theorists were struggling to understand why particles have mass. Peter Higgs and Francois Englert proposed a mechanism called symmetry breaking. This mechanism also predicted a massive particle, the Higgs boson. The discovery last year at Cern of a particle with the correct properties confirms this prediction and is a triumph for theory."
Proving the theory correct took almost half a century and involvedcreating the biggest and most sophisticated machine humankind has ever built.
The LHC at Cern lies in a circular tunnel 27km (17 miles) round. It is so big it is partly in Switzerland, partly in France. It took 10 years and thousands of scientists and engineers to build it.
Cern director general Rolf Heuer said he was "thrilled" that this year's prize had gone to particle physics.
The official citation for Englert and Higgs read: "For the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the Atlas and CMS experiments at Cern's Large Hadron Collider".
David Willetts, UK minister for universities and science, said the award was "an incredible endorsement of the quality of UK science".
Prime Minister David Cameron said: "This brilliant achievement is richly deserved recognition of Peter Higgs' lifetime of dedicated research and his passion for science.
"It is also a credit to the world-leading British universities in which this research was carried out.
"It took nearly 50 years and thousands of great minds to discover the Higgs boson after Prof Higgs proposed it, and he and all those people should be extremely proud."
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-24436781
转载本文请联系原作者获取授权，同时请注明本文来自戴德昌科学网博客。
链接地址：https://wap.sciencenet.cn/blog-99360-731248.html?mobile=1
收藏
