Water deficiency and low temperature are two important ecological factors which affect the distribution and  cultivation  of  oil  palm.  To  find  out  how  oil  palm  adapts  to  the  environmental  conditions,  the dynamics of a series of important physiological components derived from the leaves of potted oil palm seedlings under drought stress (DS) (water with holding) and low temperature stress (LTS) (10°C) were studied.  The  results  showed  that  low  temperature  and  water  stress  inhibited  the  growth  of  oil  palm seedlings.  The  relative  conductivity,  injury  index,  malondialdehyde  (MDA)  and  proline  content  in  the leaves  increased  to  different  degrees  with  the  extension  of  low  temperature  and  drought  stress. Superoxide dismutase  (SOD)  and  peroxidase  (POD)  activities  increased  and  then decreased  gradually with  the  duration of  treatment  time. The  variations  of  the  earlier  mentioned  parameters  except  proline content  under  low  temperature  stress  were  greater  than  that  under  drought  stress.  Thus,  oil  palm possibly  showed  different  response  mechanisms  under  low  temperature  and  drought  stress  by mediations of these substances, in order to increase plant defense capability. These data provided the information  that  was  utilized  to  initiate  the  breeding  programme  used  to  improve  drought  and  cold tolerance in oil palm。

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