Hydrothermal synthesis has been an interesting technique to prepare materials with different nanoarchitectures
such as nanowires, nanorods, nanobelts, nanourchins, and
so forth. The main advantage of the hydrothermal technique over other soft chemical routes is the ability to
control the nanostructures ranging from nanoparticles to
nanorods or nanourchins to nanotubes by properly choosing the temperature or time of the reaction or the active fill
level in the pressure vessel or solvent used for the reaction
without any major structure-directing agents or templates.
Beside hydrothermal synthesis, sol–gel method is a simply and low temperature and pressure method for the synthesis of nanostructured metal oxides. {Hashemzadeh, F., Mehdi Kashani Motlagh, M., & Maghsoudipour, A. (2009). A comparative study of hydrothermal and sol–gel methods in the synthesis of MnO2 nanostructures. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 51(2), 169–174.doi:10.1007/s10971-009-1978-2 }
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