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[转载]【电子技术】【2016.05】嵌入式系统的防故障无线固件升级

已有 839 次阅读 2021-4-17 18:00 |系统分类:科研笔记|文章来源:转载

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本文为爱沙尼亚塔林理工大学(作者:Mairo Leier)的硕士论文,共80页。

 

物联网(IoT)领域的需求将在不久的将来成倍增长,这将导致嵌入式设备连接的更广泛部署。系统制造商希望在现场升级固件,以改善系统功能,提供错误修复或应对安全威胁。在开发过程中,可以使用Join Test Action GroupJTAG)或Serial Wire DebugSWD)接口来对系统内存编程,但是由于成本效益的原因,开发硬件通常不随最终产品一起提供。在现场升级固件的能力对于巡回嵌入式系统或大量部署的嵌入式系统来说更具挑战性。

 

这项工作集中在为资源受限的嵌入式设备设计、实现高度可移植的引导加载器以防固件在无线升级中失败。本文针对STM32系列片上系统开发了一个引导加载程序,可以在GSM/GPRSWi-Fi网络上进行固件升级。虽然本实现是针对STM32系统的,但我们也介绍了用于防故障固件更新引导加载程序的一般设计注意事项。因此,我相信本文提出的思想可以很容易地应用到类似的嵌入式系统项目中。

 

首先,简要介绍了无线固件升级过程、面临的挑战和相关的系统组件,然后对具体实现细节进行了说明。基于系统架构详细讨论了各个组件。本文的重点之一是讨论固件升级过程的可靠性和容错性。通过大量的实验验证了该方法的有效性,论文的成果是在一个商用嵌入式系统产品上的成功实现。

 

本论文以英文撰写,共67页,包括6个章节、39幅图、6张表格。

 

The internet of things (IoT) domain is poised to grow multifold in the near future. This will lead to wider deployments of connected embedded devices. System manufactures would like to upgrade the firmware in field to improve system functionality, provide bug fixes or respond to security threats. During the development, one might use Join Test Action Group (JTAG) or Serial Wire Debug (SWD) interface to program system memory, however due to cost-effectiveness reasons, development hardware is generally not shipped with the end product. The ability to upgrade the firmware in the field is even more challenging for itinerant embedded systems or, for those having large quantities of deployments.

This work concentrates on design considerations and implementation of highly portable bootloader for fail-proof firmware upgrade over the air for resource constrained embedded devices. In this thesis, a bootloader was developed for STM32 series system on chip that allows firmware upgrade over GSM/GPRS and Wi-Fi network. Though the implementation is for STM32, generic design considerations for bootloaders for fail-proof firmware update is also presented here. Hence, I believe that the ideas presented here can be readily adopted to similar Embedded systems project.

At first, over the air firmware upgrade process, its challenges and associated system components are explained in brief. Then the implementation specific details are explained. Based on the System architecture, various individual components are discussed in detail. One of the main focus of the thesis is discussion about the dependability and fault tolerance of the firmware upgrade process. The implementation is validated by performing number of experiments. Thesis outcome is a successful implementation on a commercial embedded systems product.

This thesis is written in English and is 67 pages long, including 6 chapters, 39 Figures and 6 Tables.

 

1.       引言

2. 理论背景

3. 系统架构

4. 软件架构

5. 实验

6. 结论与展望

附录A ARM架构基础

附录开发板

附录引脚配置

附录引导程序入口


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