3MS-5Meic安全系统模型的构建及其应用研究
中文引用格式：吴超. 3MS-5Meic安全系统模型的构建及其应用研究[J].中国安全科学学报，2020，30（8）：1-11.
英文引用格式：WU Chao. Construction of 3MS-5Meic system safety & security model and its application [J].China Safety Science Journal, 2020，30（8）：1-11.
【摘要】为了满足社会-技术系统不断发展中安全问题凸显的需要，构建适用于复杂系统和具有普适性的新安全系统模型意义重大。运用系统分析法和要素归类法及系统层次法，构建一个由微-中-宏三尺度和安-人-机-物-管-环-信-文8要素组成的嵌套式安全系统模型，并阐述了该模型的特点及其应用方法；在此基础上，结合中国高铁的迅猛发展与高铁运营中潜在的突出风险，将模型应用于高铁运营系统的安全管理模型构建之中，并实证了社会力量参与高铁安全治理的作用机制和必要性，也同时验证了模型的有效性。研究结果表明，本模型可用于指导微系统-中系统-宏系统各要素的安全微匹配-中匹配和宏匹配工作，从而实现复杂系统的安全目标；本模型可应用到各种尺度和多种场景的安全分析与评价以及安全因素分类与体系构建之中，具有推广价值。
【关键词】复杂系统；安全模型；3MS-5Meic模型；高铁运营安全治理；社会力量
Construction of 3MS-5Meic System Safety & Security Model and Its Application
Abstract: In order to meet the needs of security problems in the continuous development of social technology system, it is of great significance to build a new security system model that adapts to complex system and has versatility. By using the system analysis method, factor classification method and system level method, a nested security system model is constructed, which is composed of micro-meso-macro three scale systems (3MS) and mission-man-machine-material-management-environment-information-culture 8 factors (5Meic). Also, the characteristics and application methods of the model are described. On this basis, combined with the rapid development of China's high-speed rail and the potential outstanding risks in high-speed rail operation, the model is applied to this area. In the construction of the safety model of the system, the mechanism and necessity of social forces participating in the safety governance of high-speed rail are demonstrated, and the effectiveness of the model is also verified. The results show that the model can be used to guide the safety micro-matching, meso-matching and macro-matching of the elements in the micro-system, meso-system and macro-system, so as to achieve the security objectives of complex systems. The model can be applied to the security analysis and evaluation of various scales and scenarios, as well as the classification and system construction of security factors, and has a wide promotion value.
Keywords: complex system; safety & security model; 3MS-5Meic model; high speed rail security governance; social forces
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