安全复杂学的学科基础理论研究
——为安全科学新高地奠基
中文引用格式：吴超. 安全复杂学的学科基础理论研究——为安全科学新高地奠基[J].中国安全科学学报，2021，31（5）：7-17.
英文引用格式：WU Chao. Research on the basic theory of safety complexity science: laying the foundation for a new highland of safety science [J].China Safety Science Journal,2021，31（5）：7-17.
【摘要】随着安全复杂问题的不断涌现，安全复杂性研究成为安全科学发展的必然。为了填补安全复杂学学科基础理论的空白和构建安全复杂学，本文运用历史分析法、推理法、归纳法、理论建模法和预测法等开展理论研究，预测未来安全科学研究的热点问题，提出判断安全复杂问题的4种途径，给出安全复杂性研究需要遵循的8条基本原则，创建安全复杂学的5个核心概念和基于安全系统学的9个基础定义，归纳出安全复杂性研究的9类典型方法，构建了表征安全复杂系统的通用模型及其超逻辑结构图和表达式，并提出安全复杂系统控制的5种策略，最后从8种视角给出安全复杂学的学科分支。研究结果表明：上述研究结果契合安全科学的发展趋势，构成安全复杂学的学科理论基础。
【关键词】安全复杂问题；安全复杂性研究；安全复杂模型；学科基础理论；安全复杂学
Research on the basic theory of safety complexity science: laying the foundation for a new highland of safety science
Abstract: With the continuous emergence of complex safety problems, safety complexity studies have become an inevitable development tendency of safety science. In order to fill the gap of basic theory of safety complexity and construct safety complexity science, this paper uses historical analysis method, reasoning method, induction method, theoretical modeling method and prediction method to carry out theoretical research. The hot issues of safety science research in the future are predicted, four ways to judge safety complex problems are put forward, and eight basic principles to be followed in safety complexity studies are given. Five core concepts and nine basic definitions of safety complexity, and nine typical methods of safety complexity studies are summarized. The general model and superlogic structure diagram which can be used to express the safety complexity system are constructed. Five controlling strategies of safety complex system are proposed. Finally, the discipline branches of safety complexity science are given from eight perspectives. These results are of great significance to the development of safety complexity science and enrichment of safety science.
Key words: safety complex problem; safety complexity studies; safety complex model; discipline basic theory; safety complexity science
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