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看到科学网同仁对中国铁基超导研究的评价，我感觉中国进步了，至少是科研观念和科研品味进步了，感觉到大家对科研成果评价的标准提高了。
由于我对铁基超导是外行，但我又想知道日本科学家Hosono是怎样评价中国铁基超导研究的。因此我上网搜了搜，找到了一篇极有价值的采访报道，与大家分享。
Striving for Research on Essential for Life
这里有几个我感兴趣观点，分述如此，如有错误之处，请大家批评指正。
一、铜基超导算是最原始的创新，铁基超导也可以说是一种创新，但两者都是偶然发现的。Hosono成功的秘密是研究领域要宽广。
This is why we included the term, “related functional materials,” in our theme, “Exploration of new superconductors and their related functional materials.” Generally, it is not easy to find a groundbreaking superconducting material even if you intend to. In particular, it is extremely difficult to find a superconducting material with a high transition temperature (Tc) which should be recorded in the history.
It took 20 years from the discovery of a high Tc copper-oxide superconductor to the discovery of an iron-based superconductor. The copper-based superconductor was also discovered by chance, not intentionally. The very researcher who discovered the superconductor had no choice but to concentrate the research. However, the researcher cannot die a heroic death from just doing the research.
We discovered the iron-based superconductor as a byproduct in research of transparent oxide semiconductors. I intended to try to discover a method of catalysis based on C12A7 in turn under the banner of the iron-based superconductor research.
二、Hosono说中国人善于改进提高（言外之意是说不善于创新），还说他如果在中国绝对不会成功，是因为中国的文化是尊重权威。
Interviewer: This is only my personal opinion, but when we consider the rarely reported groundbreaking research results, we find that in the last dozen years or so, most of the new discoveries have been made in Japan, particularly in the field of engineering applications.
Hosono: You are probably right about that. They say that Japan has been outstripped by China, but Japan is still continuing to make groundbreaking achievements. Almost all of new superconductorshave been reported by Japanese researchers, and China is playing a role in improving those materials. It seems one reason for this is that China is particularly good at making improvements.
A Chinese acquaintance of mine said that I would never be successful in China. According to this acquaintance, the reason is that I tend to contradict the authorities and try to overturn convention. In China, researchers must respect the authorities. They have to follow the authorities when writing research papers in order to achieve a successful career. It seems that almost all the research papers published in China are written in such a manner. Most of these papers are based on the policies of the top researchers in European and American laboratories and concern improving previous research achievements. The situation looks almost the same in Korea. They carry out research based on the achievements of world-class authorities. On the other hand, I think Japanese researchers, and European and American researchers, direct their energies toward overturning conventional approaches.
三、Hosono对科研资助的观点值得我们借鉴
Interviewer: A typical example is genome research. The US and the UK have put an enormous amount of money into bio-related research, but there have been no great scientific findings. I suppose that a contributing factor to this lack of success is the review process. The review process for research proposals is too strict.
Hosono: Nevertheless, we have no choice but to use the review process when selecting 90% of research projects. I think that about 10% of research projects should be selected by simply entrusting them to researchers with talent and achievement. ERATO project adopts the official project after the leader’s surname and entrusted the projects to a project leader. The results of research basically differ depending on who is doing the research; research is all about people. Although Tora-san (the protagonist of a popular Japanese cinema series) might declare, “That's too fatalistic.”
The possibility that challenging basic research will be successfully completed is not so high, even if it has been nominally successful. Thinking about this, I calculated the amount of money that I have so far received for research as the representative. To my surprise, the total amount of money has reached the amount needed to build a large bridge.
相关专题：铁基高温超导：中国科学家的强国梦
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