[PDF] from arxiv.orgKS Novoselov, AK Geim, SV Morozov, D Jiang, Y … - Science, 2004 - sciencemag.org ... This work was supported by NASA and the Research Corporation. 28 July 2004; accepted 16 September 2004 Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films KS Novoselov,1 AK Geim,1* SV Morozov,2 D. Jiang,1 Y. Zhang,1 SV Dubonos,2 IV Grigorieva,1 AA Firsov2 ... Cited by 3101 - Related articles - All 22 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgKS Novoselov, AK Geim, SV Morozov, D Jiang, MIKIV … - Nature, 2005 - nature.com Quantum electrodynamics (resulting from the merger of quantum mechanics and relativity theory) has provided a clear understanding of phenomena ranging from particle physics to cosmology and from astrophysics to quantum chemistry 1, 2, 3 . The ideas underlying quantum ... Cited by 2154 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 40 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgAK Geim, KS Novoselov - Nature materials, 2007 - nature.com Graphene is a rapidly rising star on the horizon of materials science and condensed-matter physics. This strictly two-dimensional material exhibits exceptionally high crystal and electronic quality, and, despite its short history, has already revealed a cornucopia of new physics ... Cited by 2095 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 45 versions
[HTML] from pnas.org… VV Khotkevich, SV Morozov, AK Geim - Proceedings of the …, 2005 - National Acad Sciences Dimensionality is one of the most defining material parameters; the same chemical compound can exhibit dramatically different properties depending on whether it is arranged in a 0D, 1D, 2D, or 3D crystal structure. Although quasi-0D [eg, cage molecules (1)], quasi-1D [eg, ... Cited by 725 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 27 versions
[PDF] from claptop.com… Piscanec, D Jiang, KS Novoselov, S Roth, AK Geim - Physical Review Letters, 2006 - APS Graphene is the two-dimensional building block for carbon allotropes of every other dimensionality. We show that its electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers. The D peak second order changes in shape, width, ... Cited by 649 - Related articles - All 15 versions
[PDF] from csic.es… , NMR Peres, KS Novoselov, AK Geim - Reviews of Modern …, 2009 - digital.csic.es ... NMR Peres Center of Physics and Department of Physics, Universidade do Minho, P-4710-057, Braga, Portugal KS Novoselov and AKGeim Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom (Published 14 January 2009) ... Cited by 607 - Related articles - View as HTML - All 35 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgF Schedin, AK Geim, SV Morozov, EW Hill, P Blake, … - Nature Materials, 2007 - nature.com The ultimate aim of any detection method is to achieve such a level of sensitivity that individual quanta of a measured entity can be resolved. In the case of chemical sensors, the quantum is one atom or molecule. Such resolution has so far been beyond the reach of any detection ... Cited by 523 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 19 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgJC Meyer, AK Geim, MI Katsnelson, KS Novoselov, TJ … - Nature, 2007 - nature.com The recent discovery of graphene has sparked much interest, thus far focused on the peculiar electronic structure of this material, in which charge carriers mimic massless relativistic particles 1, 2, 3 . However, the physical structure of graphene—a single layer of carbon atoms ... Cited by 488 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 22 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… , U Zeitler, JC Maan, GS Boebinger, P Kim, AK Geim - Science, 2007 - sciencemag.org The quantum Hall effect (QHE), one example of a quantum phenomenon that occurs on a truly macroscopic scale, has attracted intense interest since its discovery in 1980 and has helped elucidate many important aspects of quantum physics. It has also led to the establishment ... Cited by 392 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 23 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgMI Katsnelson, KS Novoselov, AK Geim - Nature Physics, 2006 - nature.com The so-called Klein paradox—unimpeded penetration of relativistic particles through high and wide potential barriers—is one of the most exotic and counterintuitive consequences of quantum electrodynamics. The phenomenon is discussed in many contexts in particle, nuclear and ... Cited by 423 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 23 versions
[PDF] from unipr.itAK Geim, SVDIV Grigorieva, KS Novoselov, AA … - Nature Materials, 2003 - nature.com The amazing climbing ability of geckos has attracted the interest of philosophers and scientists alike for centuries 1, 2, 3 . However, only in the past few years 2, 3 has progress been made in understanding the mechanism behind this ability, which relies on submicrometre ... Cited by 335 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 15 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… Katsnelson, U Zeitler, D Jiang, F Schedin, AK Geim - Nature Physics, 2006 - nature.com There are two known distinct types of the integer quantum Hall effect. One is the conventional quantum Hall effect, characteristic of two-dimensional semiconductor systems 1, 2 , and the other is its relativistic counterpart observed in graphene, where charge carriers mimic Dirac ... Cited by 359 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 19 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgAK Geim - Science, 2009 - sciencemag.org Graphene is a wonder material with many superlatives to its name. It is the thinnest known material in the universe and the strongest ever measured. Its charge carriers exhibit giant intrinsic mobility, have zero effective mass, and can travel for micrometers without scattering at ... Cited by 319 - Related articles - All 18 versions
[PDF] from manchester.ac.uk… Novoselov, TJ Booth, T Stauber, NMR Peres, AK Geim - Science, 2008 - sciencemag.org There are few phenomena in condensed matter physics that are defined only by the fundamental constants and do not depend on material parameters. Examples are the resistivity quantum, h/e2 (h is Planck's constant and e the electron charge), that appears in a variety of ... Cited by 228 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 11 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… , F Schedin, DC Elias, JA Jaszczak, AK Geim - Physical review letters, 2008 - APS We have studied temperature dependences of electron transport in graphene and its bilayer and found extremely low electron-phonon scattering rates that set the fundamental limit on possible charge carrier mobilities at room temperature. Our measurements show that mobilities ... Cited by 243 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 15 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgAN Grigorenko, AK Geim, HF Gleeson, Y Zhang, AA … - Nature, 2005 - nature.com A great deal of attention has recently been focused on a new class of smart materials—so-called left-handed media—that exhibit highly unusual electromagnetic properties and promise new device applications 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 . Left-handed materials require negative permeability , ... Cited by 260 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 24 versions
… , F Guinea, NMR Peres, KS Novoselov, AK Geim - Reviews of Modern …, 2009 - APS This article reviews the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one-atom-thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations. The Dirac electrons can be controlled by application of external electric and magnetic fields, or by altering sample ... Cited by 264 - Related articles - All 3 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… Novoselov, D Jiang, R Yang, TJ Booth, AK Geim - Applied Physics …, 2007 - link.aip.org Microfabrication of graphene devices used in many experimental studies currently relies on the fact that graphene crystallites can be visualized using optical microscopy if prepared on top of Si wafers with a certain thickness of . The authors study graphene's visibility and show ... Cited by 200 - Related articles - All 14 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… , AC Ferrari, DW Boukhvalov, MI Katsnelson, AK Geim, … - Science, 2009 - sciencemag.org Although graphite is known as one of the most chemically inert materials, we have found that graphene, a single atomic plane of graphite, can react with atomic hydrogen, which transforms this highly conductive zero-overlap semimetal into an insulator. Transmission electron ... Cited by 240 - Related articles - All 24 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… , F Schedin, LA Ponomarenko, D Jiang, AK Geim - Physical review letters, 2006 - APS Low-field magnetoresistance is ubiquitous in low-dimensional metallic systems with high resistivity and well understood as arising due to quantum interference on self-intersecting diffusive trajectories. We have found that in graphene this weak-localization magnetoresistance is ... Cited by 211 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 18 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… Katsnelson, R Yang, EW Hill, KS Novoselov, AK Geim - Science, 2008 - sciencemag.org The exceptional electronic properties of graphene, with its charge carriers mimicking relativistic quantum particles and its formidable potential in various applications, have ensured a rapid growth of interest in this new material. We report on electron transport in quantum dot devices ... Cited by 186 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 17 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… , JMBL Dos Santos, J Nilsson, F Guinea, AK Geim, … - Physical review letters, 2007 - APS We demonstrate that the electronic gap of a graphene bilayer can be controlled externally by applying a gate bias. From the magnetotransport data (Shubnikov–de Haas measurements of the cyclotron mass), and using a tight-binding model, we extract the value of the gap as a ... Cited by 187 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 15 versions
[PDF] from princeton.eduMV Berry, AK Geim - European Journal of Physics, 1997 - iopscience.iop.org ... Of flying frogs and levitrons MV Berry† and AKGeim‡ ... In diamagnetic levitation, recently achieved by AKGeim with JC Maan, H Carmona and P Main (Rodgers 1997), small objects (live frogs and grasshoppers, waterdrops, flowers, hazelnuts ... ) float in the large ... Cited by 148 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 47 versions
… , HR Krishnamurthy, AK Geim, AC Ferrari, AK … - Nature …, 2008 - nature.com The recent discovery of graphene 1, 2, 3 has led to many advances in two-dimensional physics and devices 4, 5 . The graphene devices fabricated so far have relied on SiO 2 back gating 1, 2, 3 . Electrochemical top gating is widely used for polymer transistors 6, 7 , and has ... Cited by 150 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions
[PDF] from manchester.ac.uk… Grigorieva, SV Dubonos, JGS Lok, JC … - Astron. …, 1996 - condmat.physics.manchester.ac.uk Both are consistent with the observed CIRB. The high-redshift, dust-enshrouded, star formation in model C results in a high level of the predicted background at wavelengths l 400 m. Although none of the currently available optical data reflect the large differences between these ... Cited by 189 - Related articles - View as HTML - BL Direct - All 12 versions
[PDF] from sinocarbon-cas.com… , C Casiraghi, KS Novoselov, AK Geim, AC Ferrari, F … - Nature materials, 2007 - nature.com The adiabatic Born–Oppenheimer approximation (ABO) has been the standard ansatz to describe the interaction between electrons and nuclei since the early days of quantum mechanics 1, 2 . ABO assumes that the lighter electrons adjust adiabatically to the motion of the heavier ... Cited by 162 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 16 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… , SV Morozov, HF Gleeson, EW Hill, AK Geim, KS … - Nano letters, 2008 - ACS Publications Graphene is only one atom thick, optically transparent, chemically inert, and an excellent conductor. These properties seem to make this material an excellent candidate for applications in various photonic devices that require conducting but transparent thin films. In this letter, ... Cited by 142 - Related articles - All 14 versions
AK Geim, SV Dubonos, JGS Lok, M Henini, JC Maan - Nature, 1998 - nature.com ... Paramagnetic Meissner effect in small superconductors. AKGeim 1 , SV Dubonos 2 , JGS Lok 1 , M. Henini 3 & JC Maan 1. ... Correspondence to: AKGeim 1 Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to AKG (Email: geim@sci.kun.nl). Top of page Abstract. ... Cited by 114 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions
AK Geim, SV Dubonos, JGS Lok, IV Grigorieva, … - Applied Physics …, 1997 - link.aip.org Hall and magnetoresistive probes have been employed for studying magnetic properties of various materials for several decades. Most recently, advances in microtechnology have allowed fabrication of such sensors of micron size and they were successfully applied for time- and space- ... Cited by 125 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 7 versions
[PDF] from bath.ac.ukHA Carmona, A Nogaret, AK Geim, PC Main, TJ Foster, … - Surface Science, 1996 - Elsevier ELSEVIER Surface Science 361/362 (1996) 328-332 surfaco soionce Two-dimensional electrons in a lateral magnetic superlattice HA Carmona *, A. Nogaret ,, AK Geim a, PC Main a'*, TJ Foster ~, M. Henini ~, SP Beaumont b, H. McLelland b, MG Blamjre c Department of Physics, ... Cited by 120 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgPS Deo, VA Schweigert, FM Peeters, AK Geim - Physical Review Letters, 1997 - APS Solutions of Ginzburg-Landau equations coupled with three-dimensional Maxwell equations reveal an intriguing magnetic response of small superconducting particles, qualitatively different from the two-dimensional approximation but in agreement with recent experiments. ... Cited by 104 - Related articles - All 8 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… , SV Morozov, EE Vdovin, MI Katsnelson, AK Geim, AI … - Nano Lett, 2008 - ACS Publications Graphene is considered as one of the most promising materials for post silicon electronics, as it combines high electron mobility with atomic thickness [Novoselov et al. Science 2004, 306, 666−669. Novoselov et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2005, 102, 10451−10453]. The ... Cited by 107 - Related articles - All 16 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgC Casiraghi, S Pisana, KS Novoselov, AK Geim, … - Applied Physics …, 2007 - link.aip.org Raman spectroscopy is a fast and nondestructive method for the characterization of carbons. Their Raman spectra show common features in the region: the and peaks, which lie at around 1560 and , respectively. The peak corresponds to the phonon at the Brillouin zone center. ... Cited by 77 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 14 versions
AK Geim, AH MacDonald - Physics Today, 2007 - link.aip.org [bold In Edwin Abbott's] 1884 novella Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions, the narrator (a square, of course) leads the reader through some of the special features of two dimensions. As the geometric characters in the story come to learn, dimension matters—a ... Cited by 94 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
[PDF] from manchester.ac.ukEW Hill, AK Geim, K Novoselov, F … - … IEEE Transactions on, 2006 - ieeexplore.ieee.org Graphene-a single atomic layer of graphite—is a recently found two-dimensional (2-D) form of carbon, which exhibits high crystal quality and ballistic electron transport at room temperature. Soft magnetic NiFe electrodes have been used to inject polarized spins into ... Cited by 88 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 7 versions
[HTML] from royalsocietypublishing.orgMI Katsnelson, AK Geim - Philosophical …, 2008 - rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org We discuss various scattering mechanisms for Dirac fermions in single-layer graphene. It is shown that scattering on a short-range potential (eg due to neutral impurities) is mostly irrelevant for electronic quality of graphene, which is likely to be controlled by charged impurities and ... Cited by 79 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 17 versions
AK Geim, PC Main, N La Scala Jr, L Eaves, TJ Foster, … - Physical review letters, 1994 - APS We have observed a Fermi-edge singularity in the tunneling current between a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and a zero-dimensional localized state. A sharp peak in the tunnel current is observed when the energy of the localized state matches the Fermi energy of the ... Cited by 75 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 4 versions
MD Simon, AK Geim - Journal of Applied Physics, 2000 - link.aip.org Contrary to our intuition, apparently nonmagnetic substances can be levitated in a magnetic field and can stabilize free levitation of a permanent magnet. Most substances are weakly diamagnetic and the tiny forces associated with this property make the two types of levitation possible. ... Cited by 69 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgJC Meyer, AK Geim, MI Katsnelson, KS … - Solid State …, 2007 - Elsevier The recent discovery of graphene in a quasi-free state [1] and [2] has sparked considerable interest in the science and applications of this new material with its remarkable electronic properties. Graphene monolayers on semiconductor substrates can be patterned and contacted by ... Cited by 68 - Related articles - All 15 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… , M Gass, KS Novoselov, MI Katsnelson, AK Geim - Nano letters, 2008 - ACS Publications The properties of suspended graphene are currently attracting enormous interest, but the small size of available samples and the difficulties in making them severely restrict the number of experimental techniques that can be used to study the optical, mechanical, electronic, thermal, and ... Cited by 62 - Related articles - All 14 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgAK Geim, SVDIV Grigorieva, KS Novoselov, FM … - Nature, 2000 - nature.com As first pointed out by Bardeen and Ginzburg in the early sixties 1, 2 , the amount of magnetic flux carried by vortices in superconducting materials depends on their distance from the sample edge, and can be smaller than one flux quantum, 0 = h/2e (where h is Planck's constant ... Cited by 59 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 16 versions
[PDF] from cam.ac.uk… Basko, C Galiotis, N Marzari, KS Novoselov, AK Geim, … - Physical Review B, 2009 - APS KS Novoselov, AK Geim, SV Morozov, D. Jiang, Y. Zhang, SV Dubonos, IV Grigorieva, and AA Firsov, Science 306, 666 (2004) [SPIN][ADS][CAS]. ... KS Novoselov, AK Geim, SV Morozov, D. Jiang, MI Katsnelson, IV Grigorieva, SV Dubonos, and AA Firsov, Nature (London) 438, ... Cited by 62 - Related articles - All 16 versions
AK Geim, MD Simon, MI Boamfa, LO Heflinger - Nature, 1999 - nature.com The stable levitation of magnets is forbidden by Earnshaw's theorem, which states that no stationary object made of magnets in a fixed configuration can be held in stable equilibrium by any combination of static magnetic or gravitational forces 1, 2, 3 . Earnshaw's theorem can be viewed as a ... Cited by 54 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.org… Abanin, KS Novoselov, U Zeitler, PA Lee, AK Geim, … - Physical review letters, 2007 - APS We report on the unusual nature of the ν=0 state in the integer quantum Hall effect (QHE) in graphene and show that electron transport in this regime is dominated by counterpropagating edge states. Such states, intrinsic to massless Dirac quasiparticles, manifest themselves in a ... Cited by 57 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 15 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgAK Geim, SV Dubonos, JJ Palacios, IV Grigorieva, M … - Physical Review Letters, 2000 - APS Each time a vortex enters or exits a small superconductor, a different fluxoid state develops which can be characterized by its vorticity, ie, the number of fluxoids inside. We have studied magnetization response of such individual states and found clear signatures of first and second order ... Cited by 47 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 11 versions
MD Simon, LO Heflinger, AK Geim - American Journal of Physics, 2001 - link.aip.org Stable levitation of one magnet by another with no energy input is usually prohibited by Earnshaw's theorem. However, the introduction of diamagnetic material at special locations can stabilize such levitation. A magnet can even be stably suspended between (diamagnetic) ... Cited by 50 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 2 versions
AK Geim, SJ Bending, IV Grigorieva - Physical review letters, 1992 - APS The Hall conductivity of a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) has been investigated in a distribution of quantized magnetic flux tubes (vortices) formed at a type-II superconducting ''gate'' layer. A pronounced suppression of the Hall effect was observed for long-Fermi ... Cited by 44 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 4 versions
JGS Lok, AK Geim, JC Maan, SV Dubonos, LT Kuhn, … - Physical Review B, 1998 - APS We have used ballistic Hall micromagnetometry to study the magnetization of individual submicrometer nickel disks (80 nm high, 0.1–1.0 μm diameter). At low temperatures, hysteresis loops of the disks no longer show inversion symmetry in a magnetic field, as if the time reversal symmetry ... Cited by 38 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 3 versions
[PDF] from arxiv.orgT Stauber, NMR Peres, AK Geim - Physical Review B, 2008 - APS We compute the optical conductivity of graphene beyond the usual Dirac-cone approximation, giving results that are valid in the visible region of the conductivity spectrum. The effect of next-nearest-neighbor hopping is also discussed. Using the full expression for ... Cited by 37 - Related articles - All 10 versions
[PDF] from manchester.ac.uk… , AL Bleloch, P Wang, RR Nair, AK Geim - Nature …, 2008 - nature.com Research interest in graphene, a two-dimensional crystal consisting of a single atomic plane of carbon atoms, has been driven by its extraordinary properties, including charge carriers that mimic ultra-relativistic elementary particles. Moreover, graphene exhibits ballistic electron ... Cited by 40 - Related articles - All 9 versions