题目  Ecological Stoichiometry:
The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere
作者 Robert W. Sterner & James J. Elser
With a foreword by Peter Vitousek

出版年代 Paper | 2002 | $60.00 / £41.95 584 pp. | 6 x 9 | 21 tables. 92 line illus. 4 halftones.

介绍

All life is chemical. That fact underpins the developing field of ecological stoichiometry, the study of the balance of chemical elements in ecological interactions. This long-awaited book brings this field into its own as a unifying force in ecology and evolution. Synthesizing a wide range of knowledge, Robert Sterner and Jim Elser show how an understanding of the biochemical deployment of elements in organisms from microbes to metazoa provides the key to making sense of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

 

After summarizing the chemistry of elements and their relative abundance in Earth's environment, the authors proceed along a line of increasing complexity and scale from molecules to cells, individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystems. The book examines fundamental chemical constraints on ecological phenomena such as competition, herbivory, symbiosis, energy flow in food webs, and organic matter sequestration. In accessible prose and with clear mathematical models, the authors show how ecological stoichiometry can illuminate diverse fields of study, from metabolism to global change.

Set to be a classic in the field, Ecological Stoichiometry is an indispensable resource for researchers, instructors, and students of ecology, evolution, physiology, and biogeochemistry.

 

From the foreword by Peter Vitousek:

 

"[T]his book represents a significant milestone in the history of ecology. . . . Love it or argue with it--and I do both--most ecologists will be influenced by the framework developed in this book. . . . There are points to question here, and many more to test . . . And if we are both lucky and good, this questioning and testing will advance our field beyond the level achieved in this book. I can't wait to get on with it."

 

Reviews:

"Few, if any, details of stoichiometry seem to have been overlooked by Sterner and Elser, and their book will be a useful reference to me for many years to come. . . . The hundreds of references in the bibliography are worth the price of the book alone."--David W. Schindler, Nature

"Robert Sterner and James Elser take a giant stride in knitting together perspectives across scales, biomes, and disciplines to craft an integrative and predictive vision of the topic. . . . It knits together such a broad range of relevant topics that anyone interested in the connections between biology and elemental cycles should give it a try."--Anthony F. Michaels, Science

"I believe that his is one of the most important books written in ecology in the last 10 years. . . . I predict that in a few years it will be inconceivable to ignore the stoichiometric perspective when tackling an ecological problem. . . . Ecological Stoichiometry is well written in colloquial and friendly prose. The authors strived to explain their arguments clearly and in detail. The many mathematical models are explained with laudable lucidity and the figures that illustrate them are consistently good."--Carlos Martinez Del Rio, Ecology

"How often do you read a book that has a large number of 'aha!' moments in every chapter? This is a significant piece of synthesis and scholarship that brings together a very large number of disciplines and disparate chunks of data into a very satisfying whole. . . . Never before have I seen a book which spans the scales from molecular biology to ecosystems so effectively. . . . It is sure to become a classic."--Graham Harris, Journal of Plankton Research

图书内容

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

List of Figures ix
List of Tables xiii
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
1. Stoichiometry and Homeostasis 1
Scope 3
Stoichiometry and Homeostasis 8
Yield 25
The Redfield Ratio 27
Conventions and Concerns about Element Ratios 31
Some Conventions about Growth Rate 34
A Logical Framework 35
The Structure of This Book 40
Summary and Synthesis 41
Key Definitions 42
2. Biological Chemistry: Building Cells from Elements 44
The Basis for Selection of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus in Biochemical Evolution 45
The Elemental Composition of Major Biochemicals 51
Cell Components: The Elemental Composition of Cellular Structures 66
Summary and Synthesis 78
3. The Stoichiometry of Autotroph Growth: Variation at the Base of Food Webs 80
Cellular and Physiological Bases 81
C:N:P Stoichiometry of Entire Higher Plants 87
Autotrophs in Captivity 89
Theories of Autotroph Stoichiometry 107
Autotrophs in the Wild: Oceans, Lakes, and Land 120
Causes of Variation in Autotroph C:N:P in Nature 127
Catalysts for Ecological Stoichiometry 132
Summary and Synthesis 133
4. How to Build an Animal: The Stoichiometry of Metazoans 135
Biochemical and Biological Determinants of Body Elemental Composition 136
Invertebrate Stoichiometry: C:N:P in Zooplankton and Insects 138
Determinants of C:N:P in Invertebrates: The Growth Rate Hypothesis 142
Molecular Biology and the C:N:P Stoichiometry of Growth, or Ecosystem Scientists Go Astray 150
A Simple Molecular-Kinetic Model of the Growth Rate-C:N:P Connection 160
Structural Investment and the Stoichiometry of Vertebrates 168
Elemental Composition and Body Size 171
Catalysts for Ecological Stoichiometry 175
Summary and Synthesis 178
5. Imbalanced Resources and Animal Growth 179
Mass Balance in Growth Processes 180
Maximizing Yield in Chemistry and in Ecology 185
Limiting Factors for Heterotroph Growth: Development of Threshold Element Ratio Theory 189
A New Minimal Model of the Stoichiometry of Secondary Production 197
Some Real World Problems in Stoichiometric Balance 205
Growth Efficiency 222
Catalysts for Ecological Stoichiometry 227
Summary and Synthesis 229
6. The Stoichiometry of Consumer-Driven Nutrient Recycling 231
A Brief History of Studies of Consumer-Driven Nutrient Recycling 232
Stoichiometric Theories of Consumer-Driven Nutrient Recycling 235
Evidence That Consumers Differentially Recycle Nitrogen and Phosphorus 245
Microbial Mineralization 249
The Stoichiometry of Consumer-Driven Nutrient Recycling by Vertebrates 252
Catalysts for Ecological Stoichiometry 259
Summary and Synthesis 260
7. Stoichiometry in Communities: Dynamics and Interactions 262
Species Interactions 264
Positive Feedbacks and Multiple Stable States 277
Trophic Cascades 291
Light: Nutrient Effects at the Community Level 298
Feedbacks Owing to the "Constraints of Stuff": C:N Ratios in
Tall-Grass Prairie 307
Catalysts for Ecological Stoichiometry 308
Summary and Synthesis 310
8. Big-Scale Stoichiometry: Ecosystems in Space and Time 313
Empirical Patterns in Ecosystem Stoichiometry 315
Linkages in the Stoichiometry of Biomass Yield: Using One Substance to Obtain Another 336
Nutrient Use Efficiency at the Ecosystem Level 341
The Stoichiometry of Food-Chain Production: A New Term, Carbon Use Efficiency 348
The Fate of Primary Production 350
Global Change 354
Catalysts for Ecological Stoichiometry 364
Summary and Synthesis 366
9. Recapitulation and Integration 370
Recapitulation 370
Integration: Toward a Biological Stoichiometry of Living Systems 376
Appendix 382
Literature Cited 385
Index 431

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