（1）1901-2011医学免疫学专业共获得17次医学或生理诺贝尔奖

（2）共有30个医学免疫学家分享17次医学或生理诺贝尔奖

（3）至2015年，在世的共7人，平均年龄76岁（58岁，71岁，74岁，75岁，76岁，89岁，91岁）

（4）至2015年，去世的共23人，平均年龄80岁（90岁以上7人，80-90岁5人，70-80岁5人，60-70岁6人）

注： 1996年开始学医学免疫学时第1次整理，2015-12-31日第2次整理。
   

1901

"for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria, bywhich he has opened a new road in the domain of medical science and there byplaced in the hands of the physician a victorious weapon against illness anddeaths"

[1] Emil Adolf von Behring

GermanyMarburg University Marburg, Germany

b.1854

d.1917

63岁

1905

"for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis"

[2] Robert Koch

GermanyInstitute for Infectious Diseases Berlin, Germany

b.1843

d.1910

67岁

1908

“Inrecognition of their work on immunity”

[3] Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov

RussiaInstitute Pasteur Paris, France

b.1845
d. 1916

71岁

[4] Paul Ehrlich

GermanyGoettingen University Goettingen,

RoyalInstitute for Experimental Therapy Frankfurt-on-the-Main, Germany

b.1854

d.1915

61岁

1913

"inrecognition of his work on anaphylaxis"

[5] Charles Robert Richet

FranceSorbonne University Paris, France

b.1850
d. 1935

85岁

1919

“for his discoveries relating to immunity"

[6] Jules Bordet

BelgiumBrussels University Brussels, Belgium

b.1870
d. 1961

91岁

1930

"for his discovery of human blood groups"

[7] Karl Landsteiner

AustriaRockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York, NY, USA

b. 1868
d. 1943

75岁

1951

"for his discoveries concerning yellow fever and how to combat it"

[8] Max Theiler

Unionof South Africa Laboratories of the Division of Medicine and Public Health,Rockefeller Foundation,New York, NY, USA

b.1899
d. 1972

73岁

1957

"for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action ofcertain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system andthe skeletal muscles"

[9] Daniel Bovet

ItalyIstituto Superiore di Sanità (Chief Institute of Public Health) Rome, Italy

b.1907

d.1992

85岁

1960

"for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance"

[10] Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet

AustraliaWalter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research Melbourne, Australia

b.1899  

d.1985

86岁

[11] Peter Brian Medawar

UnitedKingdom University College London, United Kingdom

b.1915  

d.1987

72岁

1972

"for their discoveries concerning  the  chemical structure of antibodies"

[12] Gerald M. Edelman

USARockefeller University New York, NY, USA

b.1929

d.2014

85岁

[13] Rodney R. Porter

UnitedKingdom University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom

b.1917
d. 1985

68岁

1977

"for their discoveries concerning thepeptide hormone production of the brain”

[14] Roger Guillemin

USAThe Salk Institute San Diego, CA, USA

b. 1924

d.

[15] Andrew V. Schally

USAVeterans Administration Hospital New Orleans, LA, USA

b. 1926

d.

[16] Rosalyn Yalow

USAVeterans Administration Hospital Bronx, NY, USA

b.1921

d.2011

90岁

1980

"for their discoveries concerninggenetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulateimmunological reactions"

[17] Baruj Benacerraf

HarvardMedical School Boston, MA, USA

b.1920

d.2011

91岁

[18] Jean Dausset

Universitéde Paris, Laboratoire Immuno-Hématologie Paris, France

b.1916

d.2009

93岁

[19] George D. Snell

JacksonLaboratory Bar Harbor, ME, USA

b.1903
d. 1996

93岁

1984

"for theories concerning the specificity in development  and control of the immune system and  the discovery of the  principle for production of monoclonal antibodies"

[20] Niels K. Jerne

Denmark

BaselInstitute for Immunology Basel, Switzerland

b.1911
d. 1994

83岁

[21] Georges J.F. Köhler

FederalRepublic of Germany Basel Institute for Immunology Basel, Switzerland

b.1927
d. 1995

68岁

[22] César Milstein

Argentinaand United Kingdom  MRC Laboratory ofMolecular Biology Cambridge, United Kingdom

b.1927
d. 2002

75岁

1987

"for his discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity"

[23] Susumu Tonegawa

JapanMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA, USA

b. 1939

d.

1990

"for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment ofhuman disease"

[24] Joseph E. Murray

USABrigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA, USA

b.1919

d.2012

93岁

[25] E. Donnall Thomas

USAFred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle, WA, USA

b.1920

d.2012

92岁

1996

"for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immunedefence "

[26] Peter C. Doherty

AustraliaSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis, TN, USA

b. 1940

d.

[27] Rolf M. Zinkernagel

SwitzerlandUniversity of Zurich, Institute of Experimental Immunology Zurich, Switzerland

b. 1944

d.

2011

“for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity”

[28] Bruce A. Beutler

Universityof Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA, The ScrippsResearch Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA

b.1957

d.

[29] Jules A. Hoffmann

Universityof Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

b.1941

d.

“for his discovery of the Dendritic  cell andits role in adaptive immunity”

[30] Ralph M. Steinman

Affiliationat the time of the award: Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA

b.1944

d.2011

67岁