2015年诺贝尔化学奖得主阿齐兹·桑贾尔简介（修改稿）
诸平
2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 was awarded jointly to Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich and Aziz Sancar "for mechanistic studies of DNA repair".
2015年诺贝尔化学奖授予瑞典学者托马斯·林达尔(Tomas Lindahl，1938-)、美国学者保罗·莫德里奇(Paul Modrich，1946-)和土耳其学者阿齐兹·桑贾尔(Aziz Sancar，1946-)，以表彰他们在“DNA修复的机制研究”领域做出的贡献。本文对阿齐兹·桑贾尔进行简要介绍，供大家参考。
阿齐兹·桑贾尔（Aziz Sançar）1946年9月8日出生于土耳其萨武尔（Savur, Turkey），他具有土耳其暨美国双重国籍，是专门从事DNA修复、细胞周期检查点、生物钟方面研究的生物化学家和分子生物学家，他是土耳其科学院（ Turkish Academy of Sciences）和美国文理科学院（ American Academy of Arts and Sciences）的名誉会员。
阿齐兹·桑贾尔的小学和中学教育是在土耳其的萨武尔和马尔丁（Mardin）完成的，他1969年在土耳其伊斯坦布尔大学 （Istanbul University）医学院获得医学博士学位（M. D. degree），1977年在美国德州大学达拉斯分校（University of Texas at Dallas）获得 哲学博士（Ph.D.）学位，当时是在C.斯坦·鲁伯特博士（Dr. C. Stan Rupert，现在是荣誉退休教授）的指导下，博士论文标题是关于大肠杆菌（E.coli）的光复活酶（photoreactivating enzyme）研究。
2015年，阿齐兹·桑贾尔与托马斯·林达尔、保罗·莫德里奇共同凭借在“DNA修复的细胞机制方面的研究”获得诺贝尔化学奖。他是第二位土耳其籍诺贝尔化学奖得主。他花费时间最长的研究涉及光解酶（photolyase）和光激活的机制（mechanisms ofphoto-reactivation），对这些机制的探索已有近20年时间，直接观察到了光解酶修复胸腺嘧啶二聚体（ thymine dimer）的过程。
阿齐兹2005年当选为美国国家科学院（National Academy of Sciences）院士。他是美国北卡罗莱纳大学教堂山分校（University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill简称UNC-CH）莎拉·格雷厄姆·凯南生物化学教授（Sarah Graham Kenan Professor of Biochemistry）。阿齐兹·桑贾尔与同年毕业的格温·博尔斯·桑贾尔（Gwen Boles Sancar，）结为伉俪，格温·博尔斯·桑贾尔现在也是北卡罗莱纳大学教堂山分校（UNC-CH）的生物化学和生物物理学教授。他们夫妻二人合作创办了卡罗莱纳-土耳其中心（Carolina Turk Evi），就坐落在UNC-CH校园附近，该中心为在UNC-CH的4名土耳其研究人员提供住宿，为土耳其访问学者提供短期服务，其目的在于促进土耳其与美国之间的相互交流。
微软学术搜索结果：
被引百次以上的论文：
- Lesions in the transcribed strand block transcription and are repaired more rapidly than lesions in the nontranscribed (coding) strand which do not block RNA polymerase (RNAP). It has been shown previously that in Escherichia coli the mfd (mutation frequency decline) gene is necessary for strand-specific repair. The mfd gene was cloned and sequenced and the Mfd protein was purified ...
- In mammals the retina contains photoactive molecules responsible for both vision and circadian photoresponse systems. Opsins, which are located in rods and cones, are the pigments for vision but it is not known whether they play a role in circadian regulation. A subset of retinal ganglion cells with direct projections to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) are at the origin of ...Journal: Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, vol. 95, no. 11, pp. 6097-6102, 1998
- Ronny Drapkin, Joyce T. Reardon, Athar Ansari, Juch-Chin Huang, Leigh Zawel, Kyujeong Ahn, , Danny ReinbergTHE RNA polymerase II general transcription factor TFIIH is composed of several polypeptides. The observation that the largest subunit of TFIIH is the excision-repair protein XPB/ERCC3 (ref. 1), a helicase implicated in the human DNA-repair disorders xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) and Cockayne's syndrome2,3, suggests a functional link between transcription and DNA repair4,5. To understand the ...
- Photolyase repairs ultraviolet (UV) damage to DNA by splitting the cyclobutane ring of the major UV photoproduct, the cis,syn-cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (PyrPyr). The reaction is initiated by blue light and proceeds through long-range energy transfer, single electron transfer, and enzyme catalysis by a radical mechanism. The three-dimensional crystallographic structure of DNA photolyase from Escherichia coli is ...
- By using a human cell-free system capable of nucleotide excision repair, a synthetic substrate consisting of a plasmid containing four thymine dimers at unique locations, and deoxyribonucleoside 5'-[alpha-thio]triphosphates for repair synthesis, we obtained DNA fragments containing repair patches with phosphorothioate linkages. Based on the resistance of these linkages to digestion by exonuclease III and their sensitivity ...Journal: Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, vol. 89, no. 8, pp. 3664-3668, 1992
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