The growth of any science depends on several condtions being met
There must be good-quality data available
There must be well-formulated hypotheses that can be formalised mathmatically. so that they can be suject to empirical testing
There must be rigorous methodology that enables the analyst to draw valid inferences and conclusions from the data in relation to the question asked. This includes the ability to formulate models that can then be used to test hypotheses on parameters of interest.
The availability of a technology that permits research to be undertaken pratically and to acceptable standards of percision.