科学网-[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的茄子 eggplant, Solanum melongena-杨正瓴的博文

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[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的茄子 eggplant, Solanum melongena

2024-8-17 22:41

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[感慨，搜集] 相关性与因果性：彩色的茄子 eggplant, Solanum melongena

茄子： eggplant, Solanum melongena

彩色： colored , color

东南亚： Southeast Asia

因果与相关是两个不同的重要概念。

因果关系描述事物之间的影响机制，具有外延性和可预测性；相关关系描述所看到事物之间的表面现象，没有外延性和可预测性。

即使这两个因素之间没有因果关系，仍可能会表现出虚假的相关关系；相反地，如果它们之间具有因果关系，也不一定表现出相关关系。

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=235393&Type=bkzyb&SubID=59860

因果性/causality/朱复康，中国大百科全书

茄子长成下面这样，到底什么感觉？

到底什么是相关性？到底什么是因果性？茄子的多因多果，谁来诉说？

图1 EP_08122015_eggplant_hero.jpg

https://assets.epicurious.com/photos/55ccd3996a622aab4ea63c51/master/pass/EP_08122015_eggplant_hero.jpg

https://www.epicurious.com/ingredients/6-eggplant-varieties-to-try-article

Japanese eggplant (left), Chinese eggplant (right) Photo by Chelsea Kyle, Food S.jpg

图2 Japanese eggplant (left), Chinese eggplant (right) Photo by Chelsea Kyle, Food Styling by Katherine Sacks.

https://assets.epicurious.com/photos/55ccd39b4b0680153880581f/6:4/w_1600,c_limit/EP_08122015_eggplant5.jpg

https://www.epicurious.com/ingredients/6-eggplant-varieties-to-try-article

Bianca and Grafitti eggplant Photo by Chelsea Kyle, Food Styling by Katherine Sacks..jpg

图3 Bianca and Grafitti eggplant Photo by Chelsea Kyle, Food Styling by Katherine Sacks.

https://assets.epicurious.com/photos/55ccd39b6a622aab4ea63c61/6:4/w_1600,c_limit/EP_08122015_eggplant4.jpg

https://www.epicurious.com/ingredients/6-eggplant-varieties-to-try-article

White and yellow Tango eggplant Photo by Chelsea Kyle, Food Styling by Katherine.jpg

图4 White and yellow Tango eggplant Photo by Chelsea Kyle, Food Styling by Katherine Sacks.

https://assets.epicurious.com/photos/55ccd39b6a622aab4ea63c59/6:4/w_1600,c_limit/EP_08122015_eggplant2.jpg

https://www.epicurious.com/ingredients/6-eggplant-varieties-to-try-article

图5 LCGUOD35SL6JCHFG4ZDIFRHTWI.jpg

https://www.saveur.com/uploads/2019/03/18/LCGUOD35SL6JCHFG4ZDIFRHTWI.jpg?auto=webp&width=2000&height=1333

https://www.saveur.com/eggplant-varieties-guide/

图6 XOIEGFVARW36IFUQOFS3NHORXU.jpeg

https://www.saveur.com/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.saveur.com%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F03%2F18%2FXOIEGFVARW36IFUQOFS3NHORXU.jpg%3Fauto%3Dwebp&w=2048&q=75

https://www.saveur.com/eggplant-varieties-guide/

图7 eggplant-glossary-077-d110486_vert.jpg

https://assets.marthastewart.com/styles/wmax-520-highdpi/d29/eggplant-glossary-077-d110486/eggplant-glossary-077-d110486_vert.jpg?itok=HnzU2J0D

https://www.marthastewart.com/313564/baked-eggplant-parmesan

图8 eggplant-varieties-1536x1024.jpg

https://emojiguide.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/eggplant-varieties-1536x1024.jpg

https://emojiguide.com/blog/eggplant-emoji/

eggplant camborgian green2_副本.jpg

图9 eggplant camborgian green2.jpg

https://croatianseeds-store.com/images/stories/virtuemart/product/eggplant%20camborgian%20green2.jpg

https://croatianseeds-store.com/index.php/croatian-seeds-store/2607/27/eggplants/camborgian-green-eggplant-detail

图10 Green-Thai-Eggplant-Ad-scaled.webp

https://sierraflora.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Green-Thai-Eggplant-Ad-scaled.jpg

https://sierraflora.com/product/green-thai-eggplant/

Simply-Recipes-Guide-to-Eggplant-Body-Photo1b-7988-f2d25ad6b53d496f86e96638c05607bc.jpg

图11 Simply-Recipes-Guide-to-Eggplant-Body-Photo1b-7988-f2d25ad6b53d496f86e96638c05607bc.jpg

https://www.simplyrecipes.com/thmb/-kZ0MkM7isJIBLzScWqzskGK9j0=/2250x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Simply-Recipes-Guide-to-Eggplant-Body-Photo1b-7988-f2d25ad6b53d496f86e96638c05607bc.jpg

https://www.simplyrecipes.com/eggplant-how-to-cut-prepare-cook-and-freeze-it-5199157

eggplant white finger2_副本.jpg

图12 eggplant white finger2.jpg

https://croatianseeds-store.com/images/stories/virtuemart/product/eggplant%20white%20finger2.jpg

https://croatianseeds-store.com/index.php/croatian-seeds-store/176/27/eggplants/eggplant-white-fingers-detail

图13 striped-togo-22-juillet-2018-26.jpg

https://www.tomatofifou.com/static/uploads/2017/02/striped-togo-22-juillet-2018-26.jpg

https://www.tomatofifou.com/produit/striped-togo/

Variété originaire d'Afrique, du genre Solanum aethiopicum, aubergine de type amère à cultiver plus pour son intérêt décoratif que pour sa saveur.

原产于非洲的品种，属于Solanum aethiopicum属，是一种苦型茄子，其生长更多的是因为其装饰价值而不是味道。

图14 IMG_4173-scaled.jpeg

https://www.asiaseeds.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/IMG_4173-scaled.jpeg

https://www.asiaseeds.com/product/thai-rugby-eggplant-%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%b0%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%82%e0%b8%b7%e0%b8%ad%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%9b%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%b0%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%9a%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%9a/

Thai Rugby Eggplant มะเขือเปราะคางกบรักบี้

Thai ‘Rugby’ Eggplant (มะเขือเปราะคางกบรักบี้)

Aubergine, Solanum melongena

This rare variety is from Thailand. Highly productive plant and fast growing variety, suitable for pots and containers.

This lovely eggplant is the shape of a rugby ball or a bullet, approximately 4 – 5 cm long and 2 cm in diameter. Delicious eating for a small eggplant, crunchy and sweet eating raw as side vegetables. A pale green coloured with white stripes, this Thai Rugby eggplant is delicious eating raw or cooked.

【机器翻译，不知道对不对？】泰国橄榄球茄子มะเขือเปราะคางกบรักบี้

泰国“橄榄球”茄子(มะเขือเปราะคางกบรักบี้)茄子

这种稀有品种来自泰国。高产植物和快速生长的品种，适合盆栽和容器。

这个可爱的茄子是橄榄球或子弹的形状，长约4-5厘米，直径约2厘米。小茄子吃起来很美味，生吃时又脆又甜，作为配菜。这种泰国橄榄球茄子呈淡绿色，带有白色条纹，生吃或煮熟都很美味。

red ruffled eggplant5_副本.jpg

图15 red ruffled eggplant5.jpg

https://croatianseeds-store.com/images/stories/virtuemart/product/red%20ruffled%20eggplant5.jpg

https://croatianseeds-store.com/index.php/croatian-seeds-store/1945/27/eggplants/red-ruffled-eggplant-detail

Mid early. Also known as „Hmong Red Eggplant“ and „Miniature Pumpkin Eggplant“, this bitter-tasting Asian variety is used in Vietnamese cooking. The small fruits ( about 5 cm in diameter )are flattened, ribbed and bright red color. Used extensively in Asian dishes and Vietnamese cooking. They can be very bitter at times and do not adapt well to all recipes. Perfect for grilling, frying, stuffing, baking, and pickling. Also used by florists for decorative purposes and calls them miniature pumpkins. One of the most beautiful eggplants.

【机器翻译，不知道对不对？】早中期。这种苦味的亚洲品种也被称为“苗族红茄子”和“迷你南瓜茄子”，用于越南烹饪。这种小水果（直径约5厘米）扁平、有肋、呈鲜红色。广泛用于亚洲菜肴和越南烹饪。它们有时会很苦，不适合所有食谱。非常适合烧烤、油炸、馅料、烘烤和腌制。也被花店用于装饰目的，称为迷你南瓜。是最美丽的茄子之一。

图16 red-korean1.png

https://www.asiaseeds.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/red-korean1.png

https://www.asiaseeds.com/product/eggplant-korean-red/

Rounded bush to 3 feet tall, yields tender, sweet green fruits very early for an eggplant. left to mature, the fruits reach 4-6 ounces, taking on a red-orange

color and are quite decorative prefect for arrangements. Unusual eggplant grown from seed originating in the former USSR.

【机器翻译，不知道对不对？】茄子韩国红

长到3英尺高的圆形灌木，很早就能结出嫩甜的绿色果实，适合做茄子。待其成熟，果实可达4-6盎司，呈橙红色

色彩丰富，非常适合装饰。由源自前苏联的种子培育而成的不同寻常的茄子。

GettyImages-126552553-5c5dd7adc9e77c0001d31c52_副本.jpg

图17 GettyImages-126552553-5c5dd7adc9e77c0001d31c52.jpg

https://thespruceeats.com/thmb/oec0xHU-Sk3KyxjpBlHM6ebLtwk%3D/5446x3684/filters:fill(auto%2C1)/GettyImages-126552553-5c5dd7adc9e77c0001d31c52.jpg

https://amarisclinic.ru/15-blog/sorta-baklazhanov-foto-s-nazvaniyami-i-opisaniem.html

Simply-Recipes-Guide-to-Eggplant--LEAD-2-66a4d8e82a4844aeb4e06d870191b2bf.jpg

图18 Simply-Recipes-Guide-to-Eggplant--LEAD-2-66a4d8e82a4844aeb4e06d870191b2bf.jpg

https://www.simplyrecipes.com/thmb/TCRN62VcWan83DQDb3BcoKZBX5I=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Simply-Recipes-Guide-to-Eggplant--LEAD-2-66a4d8e82a4844aeb4e06d870191b2bf.jpg

https://www.simplyrecipes.com/eggplant-how-to-cut-prepare-cook-and-freeze-it-5199157

eggplant japanese red2_副本.jpg

图19 eggplant japanese red2.jpg

https://croatianseeds-store.com/images/stories/virtuemart/product/eggplant%20japanese%20red2.jpg

https://croatianseeds-store.com/index.php/croatian-seeds-store/2609/27/eggplants/japanese-red-eggplant-detail

Solanum aethiopicum. Japanese Red - has compact bush, growing up to 50 cm high in open ground and up to 80 cm in greenhouse. The plant has no thorns, and the leaves are slightly pubescent. The flowers are located in the axils of the leaves, are similar in size to tomato flowers - self-pollinating. After pollination, it forms clusters of 7 eggplants. Fruit ripening occurs sequentially. They are about the size of tomatoes and weigh no more than 100g. When ripe, the fruits change color from green to orange and then to red. Eggplant pulp has a pleasant yellowish color, light eggplant taste. Culinary processing is possible in the same way as with ordinary blue ones. The fruits are round, light green, with dark stripes, then turning orange and completely reddening when ripe. The peel of the fruit is smooth, glossy, the taste is delicate. Unripe orange-yellow fruits with beautiful, yellow flesh are used for food.

【机器翻译，不知道对不对？】乙醚茄。日本红-灌木紧凑，在开阔地生长高达50厘米，在温室生长高达80厘米。这种植物没有刺，叶子有轻微的短柔毛。这些花位于叶腋，大小与番茄花相似——自花授粉。授粉后，它形成7株茄子的簇。果实按顺序成熟。它们大约有西红柿那么大，重量不超过100克。成熟后，果实颜色从绿色变为橙色，然后变为红色。茄子果肉呈令人愉悦的淡黄色，口感清淡。烹饪加工可以用与普通蓝色相同的方式进行。果实呈圆形，浅绿色，有深色条纹，成熟后变为橙色，完全变红。果皮光滑，有光泽，味道细腻。未成熟的橙黄色水果，果肉美丽，呈黄色，被用作食物。

图20 thai-green-eggplant-seeds-solanum-melongena.jpg

https://www.exotic-seeds.store/4218-large_default/thai-green-eggplant-seeds-solanum-melongena.jpg

https://www.exotic-seeds.store/en/home/thai-green-eggplant-seeds-solanum-melongena.html

fpls-10-01220-g001_副本.jpg

图21 fpls-10-01220-g001.jpg

https://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/480262/fpls-10-01220-HTML/image_m/fpls-10-01220-g001.jpg

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2019.01220/full

参考资料：

[1] 2023-11-08，茄子/eggplant/王德槟，雷建军，中国大百科全书，第三版网络版[DB/OL]

https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=30548&Type=bkzyb&SubID=67188

茄科茄属一年生草本植物。古名酪酥、昆仑瓜。以幼嫩果实供食用。

茄子原产于东南亚，4～5世纪传入中国，7～8世纪又从中国传入日本。

果实含较多的蛋白质及矿物质。富含维生素P，紫色品种富含花青素等，具有预防心血管疾病和抗氧化的保健功效。果内组织中含有生物碱，使其带涩味，不宜生吃。除作蔬菜煮食外，也可制成茄干、茄酱或腌渍茄。