小柯机器人

科学家探明初级视觉皮层中的递归回路机制
2024-01-05 14:29

美国加州大学Hillel Adesnik、明尼苏达大学Gregory Handy和罗格斯大学Ian Antón Oldenburg研究组合作取得一项新成果。经过不懈努力,他们揭示了初级视觉皮层中的递归回路逻辑。相关论文于2024年1月3日发表在《自然-神经科学》杂志上。

研究人员使用集合特异性双光子光遗传学技术对小鼠视觉皮层进行处理,以揭示递归活动对外部视觉输入的影响。研究发现,受刺激的神经元集合和邻近神经元的空间排列和视觉特征偏好,共同决定了递归活动的净效应。对这些集合的光激活会使30 µm以外的所有细胞受到抑制,但会均匀地激活距离较近的相似调谐细胞。在非相似调谐细胞中,汇聚的同调集合驱动净抑制,而分散的同调集合驱动激活。

计算模型表明,高度集中的局部递归兴奋性连接和选择性汇聚的抑制性神经元可以解释这些效应。该研究结果揭示了一个简单明了的机制,即大脑皮层集合的空间和特征偏好决定了它们对局部递归活动的影响。

研究人员表示,大脑皮层的循环活动通过细化、放大或抑制视觉输入来重塑视觉感知。然而,制约递归活动影响的机制尚不可知。

附:英文原文

Title: The logic of recurrent circuits in the primary visual cortex

Author: Oldenburg, Ian Antn, Hendricks, William D., Handy, Gregory, Shamardani, Kiarash, Bounds, Hayley A., Doiron, Brent, Adesnik, Hillel

Issue&Volume: 2024-01-03

Abstract: Recurrent cortical activity sculpts visual perception by refining, amplifying or suppressing visual input. However, the rules that govern the influence of recurrent activity remain enigmatic. We used ensemble-specific two-photon optogenetics in the mouse visual cortex to isolate the impact of recurrent activity from external visual input. We found that the spatial arrangement and the visual feature preference of the stimulated ensemble and the neighboring neurons jointly determine the net effect of recurrent activity. Photoactivation of these ensembles drives suppression in all cells beyond 30μm but uniformly drives activation in closer similarly tuned cells. In nonsimilarly tuned cells, compact, cotuned ensembles drive net suppression, while diffuse, cotuned ensembles drive activation. Computational modeling suggests that highly local recurrent excitatory connectivity and selective convergence onto inhibitory neurons explain these effects. Our findings reveal a straightforward logic in which space and feature preference of cortical ensembles determine their impact on local recurrent activity.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01510-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01510-5

Nature Neuroscience:《自然—神经科学》,创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:28.771
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接:https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex


本期文章:《自然—神经科学》:Online/在线发表

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