小柯机器人

近日，美国贝勒医学院Nuo Li等研究人员合作发现，皮层-小脑环路的活动图谱是运动规划的基础。相关论文于2023年10月9日在线发表在《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

研究人员描述了与中尺度皮层-小脑连接组相关的支持运动规划的活动。在基于短期记忆进行定向舔食规划的小鼠中，指示未来运动的准备活动依赖于前外侧运动皮层（ALM）和小脑。跨神经元追踪显示，ALM与小脑的分布区域之间存在不同的、基本上是开环的连接。对整个小脑神经元活动的调查显示，在与ALM有连接输入输出的热点区域存在丰富的准备活动。

干扰实验表明，连接区是维持准备活动和正确后续运动所需的。其他小脑区域尽管与ALM有输入或输出连接，但对运动规划的贡献甚微。这些结果确定了皮层-小脑功能环路，并表明小脑皮层选择性地建立了皮层-小脑的相互通信，以协调运动规划。

据悉，新皮层和小脑相互作用，调节认知功能。目前尚不清楚这两种结构如何组织为功能网络来调解特定的行为。

附：英文原文

Title: Activity map of a cortico-cerebellar loop underlying motor planning

Author: Zhu, Jia, Hasanbegovi, Hana, Liu, Liu D., Gao, Zhenyu, Li, Nuo

Issue&Volume: 2023-10-09

Abstract: The neocortex and cerebellum interact to mediate cognitive functions. It remains unknown how the two structures organize into functional networks to mediate specific behaviors. Here we delineate activity supporting motor planning in relation to the mesoscale cortico-cerebellar connectome. In mice planning directional licking based on short-term memory, preparatory activity instructing future movement depends on the anterior lateral motor cortex (ALM) and the cerebellum. Transneuronal tracing revealed divergent and largely open-loop connectivity between the ALM and distributed regions of the cerebellum. A cerebellum-wide survey of neuronal activity revealed enriched preparatory activity in hotspot regions with conjunctive input–output connectivity to the ALM. Perturbation experiments show that the conjunction regions were required for maintaining preparatory activity and correct subsequent movement. Other cerebellar regions contributed little to motor planning despite input or output connectivity to the ALM. These results identify a functional cortico-cerebellar loop and suggest the cerebellar cortex selectively establishes reciprocal cortico-cerebellar communications to orchestrate motor planning.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01453-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01453-x

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex