小柯机器人

韩国首尔大学牙科学院Sung Joong Lee、Woo-Hyun Cho研究组的最新研究表明，皮质星形胶质细胞通过调节突触兴奋与抑制（E/I）之间的平衡来调节雄性小鼠的优势行为。相关论文于2023年8月10日发表在《自然-神经科学》杂志上。

研究人员使用体内纤维光度法和双光子显微镜表明背侧前额叶皮质（dmPFC）星形胶质细胞调控成年雄性小鼠的E/I平衡和优势行为。dmPFC星形胶质细胞的光遗传学和化学遗传学激活或抑制表明星形胶质细胞双向控制雄性小鼠的优势行为并影响社会地位。主从雄性小鼠表现出明显不同的前额突触E/I平衡，这由星形胶质细胞活性调节。

在机制上，dmPFC星形胶质细胞通过同时增强突触前兴奋性和减少突触后抑制传递来控制皮质E/I平衡，这分别由星形胶质细胞来源的谷氨酸和ATP释放调控。该研究结果显示了dmPFC星形胶质细胞-神经元通讯如何参与成年雄性小鼠社会等级的建立。

研究人员表示，社会等级制度是个人社会行为的结果，例如与他人长期互动时的支配行为。星形胶质细胞与兴奋性和抑制性神经元活动之间的平衡有关，这可能会影响社会行为。然而，尚不清楚前额叶皮层中星形胶质细胞对优势行为的作用。

附：英文原文

Title: Cortical astrocytes modulate dominance behavior in male mice by regulating synaptic excitatory and inhibitory balance

Author: Noh, Kyungchul, Cho, Woo-Hyun, Lee, Byung Hun, Kim, Dong Wook, Kim, Yoo Sung, Park, Keebum, Hwang, Minkyu, Barcelon, Ellane, Cho, Yoon Kyung, Lee, C. Justin, Yoon, Bo-Eun, Choi, Se-Young, Park, Hye Yoon, Jun, Sang Beom, Lee, Sung Joong

Issue&Volume: 2023-08-10

Abstract: Social hierarchy is established as an outcome of individual social behaviors, such as dominance behavior during long-term interactions with others. Astrocytes are implicated in optimizing the balance between excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) neuronal activity, which may influence social behavior. However, the contribution of astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex to dominance behavior is unclear. Here we show that dorsomedial prefrontal cortical (dmPFC) astrocytes modulate E/I balance and dominance behavior in adult male mice using in vivo fiber photometry and two-photon microscopy. Optogenetic and chemogenetic activation or inhibition of dmPFC astrocytes show that astrocytes bidirectionally control male mouse dominance behavior, affecting social rank. Dominant and subordinate male mice present distinct prefrontal synaptic E/I balance, regulated by astrocyte activity. Mechanistically, we show that dmPFC astrocytes control cortical E/I balance by simultaneously enhancing presynaptic-excitatory and reducing postsynaptic-inhibitory transmission via astrocyte-derived glutamate and ATP release, respectively. Our findings show how dmPFC astrocyte–neuron communication can be involved in the establishment of social hierarchy in adult male mice.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01406-4

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01406-4

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex