以色列特拉维夫大学Yuval Nir和Itzhak Fried团队合作揭示，尽管人类睡眠期间神经元和伽马听觉反应强烈，但神经反馈信号减少。相关论文发表在2022年7月11日出版的《自然—神经科学》杂志上。
他们展示了癫痫患者清醒和睡眠期间的听觉刺激（例如，点击训练、文字、音乐），同时记录神经元尖峰、微丝局部场电位、颅内脑电图和多导睡眠图。在非快速眼动 (NREM) 和快速眼动 (REM) 睡眠期间，听觉刺激会在外侧颞叶引起强烈且选择性的尖峰和高伽马 (80–200 Hz) 功率响应。睡眠仅适度减弱反应幅度，主要影响早期听觉皮层以外的晚期反应和对 NREM 睡眠中快速点击训练的夹带。
相比之下，在清醒时普遍存在的听觉诱导的 α-β（10-30 Hz）去同步化（即功率降低）在睡眠中显著降低。因此，广泛的听觉反应在睡眠期间持续存在，而可能反映神经反馈过程的 α-β 功率下降是不足的。更广泛地说，他们的研究结果表明，反馈信号是有意识的感觉处理的关键。
据介绍，在睡眠期间，感官刺激很少触发行为反应或有意识的感知。然而，尚不清楚睡眠是否会抑制感觉处理的特定方面，例如前馈或反馈信号。
附：英文原文
Title: Reduced neural feedback signaling despite robust neuron and gamma auditory responses during human sleep
Author: Hayat, Hanna, Marmelshtein, Amit, Krom, Aaron J., Sela, Yaniv, Tankus, Ariel, Strauss, Ido, Fahoum, Firas, Fried, Itzhak, Nir, Yuval
Issue&Volume: 2022-07-11
Abstract: During sleep, sensory stimuli rarely trigger a behavioral response or conscious perception. However, it remains unclear whether sleep inhibits specific aspects of sensory processing, such as feedforward or feedback signaling. Here, we presented auditory stimuli (for example, click-trains, words, music) during wakefulness and sleep in patients with epilepsy, while recording neuronal spiking, microwire local field potentials, intracranial electroencephalogram and polysomnography. Auditory stimuli induced robust and selective spiking and high-gamma (80–200Hz) power responses across the lateral temporal lobe during both non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Sleep only moderately attenuated response magnitudes, mainly affecting late responses beyond early auditory cortex and entrainment to rapid click-trains in NREM sleep. By contrast, auditory-induced alpha–beta (10–30Hz) desynchronization (that is, decreased power), prevalent in wakefulness, was strongly reduced in sleep. Thus, extensive auditory responses persist during sleep whereas alpha–beta power decrease, likely reflecting neural feedback processes, is deficient. More broadly, our findings suggest that feedback signaling is key to conscious sensory processing.
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01107-4
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-022-01107-4
Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex
本期文章：《自然—神经科学》：Online/在线发表
