小柯机器人

美国圣母大学Cody J. Smith研究小组发现，胚胎期的斑马鱼大脑是由淋巴依赖性的mrc1⁺小胶质细胞前体群体播种的。2022年6月16日，国际知名学术期刊《自然—神经科学》在线发表了这一成果。

利用斑马鱼的延时成像，研究人员发现了一个mrc1a⁺小胶质细胞前体群体，它在传统上描述的小胶质细胞之前就已经在大脑中播种。这些早期的小胶质细胞前体依赖于环绕大脑的淋巴管，并且与pu1⁺卵黄囊衍生的小胶质细胞无关。单细胞RNA测序数据集显示，小鼠和人类的胚胎大脑中有Mrc1⁺小胶质细胞。然后研究人员在斑马鱼中发现，这些早期的Mrc1a⁺小胶质细胞前体在发育的病理生理状态下优先扩增。总之，这些结果确定了淋巴管在早期胚胎大脑小胶质细胞前体中的关键作用。

据介绍，小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的常驻巨噬细胞，在大脑构建中发挥着关键作用。尽管人类的大脑在妊娠4周时就含有小胶质细胞，但对大脑发育过程中最早播种的小胶质细胞的理解仍未得到解决。

附：英文原文

Title: The embryonic zebrafish brain is seeded by a lymphatic-dependent population of mrc1+ microglia precursors

Author: Green, Lauren A., ODea, Michael R., Hoover, Camden A., DeSantis, Dana F., Smith, Cody J.

Issue&Volume: 2022-06-16

Abstract: Microglia are the resident macrophages of the CNS that serve critical roles in brain construction. Although human brains contain microglia by 4 weeks gestation, an understanding of the earliest microglia that seed the brain during its development remains unresolved. Using time-lapse imaging in zebrafish, we discovered a mrc1a+ microglia precursor population that seeds the brain before traditionally described microglia. These early microglia precursors are dependent on lymphatic vasculature that surrounds the brain and are independent of pu1+ yolk sac-derived microglia. Single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets reveal Mrc1+ microglia in the embryonic brains of mice and humans. We then show in zebrafish that these early mrc1a+ microglia precursors preferentially expand during pathophysiological states in development. Taken together, our results identify a critical role of lymphatics in the microglia precursors that seed the early embryonic brain.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01091-9

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-022-01091-9

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex