小柯机器人

消极情绪的常见和刺激类特异性大脑表征，这一成果由美国科罗拉多大学Tor D. Wager、Marta eko研究小组经过不懈努力而取得。2022年5月30日，国际学术期刊《自然-神经科学》发表了这一成果。

研究人员将功能性磁共振成像与预测模型相结合，以识别机械疼痛、热痛、厌恶声音和四个强度级别的厌恶图像中广义（常见）和刺激类型特异性消极影响的表征。通过这种方法能够探究普遍和特定刺激的表征如何共同促成厌恶体验。刺激类型特异性消极影响主要由早期感觉通路编码，而常见的消极影响则由一组分布在中线、前脑、岛状和体感区域编码。

所有模型都专门预测了消极影响，而不是一般的显著性或唤醒，并准确预测了独立样本中的消极影响，证明了该模型的稳定性和普遍性。常见和特定刺激类型的模型对于预测主观体验非常重要。总之，这些发现提供了大脑如何产生消极影响的机制研究，并为未来的研究提供了预测性神经标志物。

据介绍，对消极影响大脑具有广义和特定刺激类型表征，但缺乏整合这些表征并与主观体验相关的模型。

附：英文原文

Title: Common and stimulus-type-specific brain representations of negative affect

Author: eko, Marta, Kragel, Philip A., Woo, Choong-Wan, Lpez-Sol, Marina, Wager, Tor D.

Issue&Volume: 2022-05-30

Abstract: The brain contains both generalized and stimulus-type-specific representations of aversive events, but models of how these are integrated and related to subjective experience are lacking. We combined functional magnetic resonance imaging with predictive modeling to identify representations of generalized (common) and stimulus-type-specific negative affect across mechanical pain, thermal pain, aversive sounds and aversive images of four intensity levels each. This allowed us to examine how generalized and stimulus-specific representations jointly contribute to aversive experience. Stimulus-type-specific negative affect was largely encoded in early sensory pathways, whereas generalized negative affect was encoded in a distributed set of midline, forebrain, insular and somatosensory regions. All models specifically predicted negative affect rather than general salience or arousal and accurately predicted negative affect in independent samples, demonstrating robustness and generalizability. Common and stimulus-type-specific models were jointly important for predicting subjective experience. Together, these findings offer an integrated account of how negative affect is constructed in the brain and provide predictive neuromarkers for future studies.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01082-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-022-01082-w

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex