小柯机器人

美国洛克菲勒大学Vanessa Ruta课题组发现果蝇多巴胺能强化途径中运动的情境依赖表征。2021年10月25日，国际知名学术期刊《自然—神经科学》在线发表了这一成果。

据研究人员介绍，多巴胺在激励和修改行为方面起着核心作用，它通过学习来激活当前的行为表现并指导未来的行动。

研究人员报道了这种单一的神经调节因子如何能对这种不同形式的行为调节作出贡献。通过记录果蝇蘑菇体在主动气味导航过程中的多巴胺能强化途径，研究人员揭示了它们持续的运动相关活动与目标导向行为的关系。研究人员发现，多巴胺能神经元与不同的行为变量相关，这取决于动物的具体导航策略，因此，这些神经元的活动优先反映了与追求气味最相关的行动。

此外，结果还表明，这些运动相关性被转化为持续的多巴胺释放，而急性扰乱多巴胺能信号传递会改变气味追踪的强度。因此，在蘑菇体多巴胺能途径中，运动和强化线索的情境依赖性表征是多重的，从而使它们能够协调地影响正在进行的和未来的行为。

附：英文原文

Title: Context-dependent representations of movement in Drosophila dopaminergic reinforcement pathways

Author: Zolin, Aryeh, Cohn, Raphael, Pang, Rich, Siliciano, Andrew F., Fairhall, Adrienne L., Ruta, Vanessa

Issue&Volume: 2021-10-25

Abstract: Dopamine plays a central role in motivating and modifying behavior, serving to invigorate current behavioral performance and guide future actions through learning. Here we examine how this single neuromodulator can contribute to such diverse forms of behavioral modulation. By recording from the dopaminergic reinforcement pathways of the Drosophila mushroom body during active odor navigation, we reveal how their ongoing motor-associated activity relates to goal-directed behavior. We found that dopaminergic neurons correlate with different behavioral variables depending on the specific navigational strategy of an animal, such that the activity of these neurons preferentially reflects the actions most relevant to odor pursuit. Furthermore, we show that these motor correlates are translated to ongoing dopamine release, and acutely perturbing dopaminergic signaling alters the strength of odor tracking. Context-dependent representations of movement and reinforcement cues are thus multiplexed within the mushroom body dopaminergic pathways, enabling them to coordinately influence both ongoing and future behavior. By recording from the Drosophila mushroom body during active odor navigation, Zolin et al. reveal that dopaminergic reinforcement pathways encode rewards and goal-directed actions through similar patterns of neural activity and dopamine release.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00929-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-021-00929-y

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex