南丹麦大学Manuella Lech Cantuaria团队研究了丹麦居民交通噪声暴露与痴呆发病率的相关性。相关论文于2021年9月9日发表于《英国医学杂志》上。
为了研究长期暴露于道路交通和铁路噪音与痴呆风险之间的相关性，研究组在丹麦进行了一项全国前瞻性队列研究。招募2004年1月1日至2017年12月31日居住在丹麦的1938994名年龄≥60岁的成年人。主要结局为从国家医院和处方登记处确定的全因痴呆和痴呆亚型（阿尔茨海默病、血管性痴呆和帕金森病相关痴呆）的事件病例。
研究人群包括103500名患有偶发性痴呆症的参与者，其中31219人被诊断为阿尔茨海默病，8664人被诊断为血管性痴呆，2192人被诊断为帕金森病相关痴呆。使用Cox回归模型，在建筑物立面暴露的最大值（Ldenmax）和最小值（Ldenmin）下，10年间平均暴露于道路交通和铁路噪声与全因性痴呆的高风险相关。这些关联显示了较高噪声暴露下较高风险比的一般模式，但在较高噪声水平下风险趋于平稳，甚至略有下降。
在亚型分析中，道路交通噪声和铁路噪声都与阿尔茨海默病的高风险相关，道路Ldenmax≥65分贝与<45分贝的危险比为1.16，道路Ldenmin≥55分贝与<40分贝的风险比为1.27，铁路Ldenmax≥60分贝与<40分贝的危险比为1.16，铁路Ldenmin≥50分贝与<40分贝的风险比为1.24。道路交通（而非铁路）的噪音与血管性痴呆的风险增加有关。道路交通Ldenmin和帕金森病相关痴呆之间存在关联。
这项全国性队列研究发现交通噪声与全因性痴呆和痴呆亚型，尤其是阿尔茨海默病的高风险相关。
附：英文原文
Title: Residential exposure to transportation noise in Denmark and incidence of dementia: national cohort study
Author: Manuella Lech Cantuaria, Frans Boch Waldorff, Lene Wermuth, Ellen Raben Pedersen, Aslak Harbo Poulsen, Jesse Daniel Thacher, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Matthias Ketzel, Jibran Khan, Victor H Valencia, Jesper Hvass Schmidt, Mette Srensen
Issue&Volume: 2021/09/09
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the association between long term residential exposure to road traffic and railway noise and risk of incident dementia.
Design Nationwide prospective register based cohort study.
Setting Denmark.
Participants 1938994 adults aged ≥60 years living in Denmark between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2017.
Main outcome measures Incident cases of all cause dementia and dementia subtypes (Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and Parkinson’s disease related dementia), identified from national hospital and prescription registries.
Results The study population included 103500 participants with incident dementia, and of those, 31219 received a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, 8664 of vascular dementia, and 2192 of Parkinson’s disease related dementia. Using Cox regression models, 10 year mean exposure to road traffic and railway noise at the most (Ldenmax) and least (Ldenmin) exposed faades of buildings were associated with a higher risk of all cause dementia. These associations showed a general pattern of higher hazard ratios with higher noise exposure, but with a levelling off or even small declines in risk at higher noise levels. In subtype analyses, both road traffic noise and railway noise were associated with a higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease, with hazard ratios of 1.16 (95% confidence interval 1.11 to 1.22) for road Ldenmax ≥65 dB compared with <45 dB, 1.27 (1.22 to 1.34) for road Ldenmin ≥55 dB compared with <40 dB, 1.16 (1.10 to 1.23) for railway Ldenmax ≥60 dB compared with <40 dB, and 1.24 (1.17 to 1.30) for railway Ldenmin ≥50 dB compared with <40 dB. Road traffic, but not railway, noise was associated with an increased risk of vascular dementia. Results indicated associations between road traffic Ldenmin and Parkinson’s disease related dementia.
Conclusions This nationwide cohort study found transportation noise to be associated with a higher risk of all cause dementia and dementia subtypes, especially Alzheimer’s disease.
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n1954
Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/374/bmj.n1954
BMJ-British Medical Journal:《英国医学杂志》，创刊于1840年。隶属于BMJ出版集团，最新IF：93.333
官方网址：http://www.bmj.com/
投稿链接：https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/bmj
本期文章：《英国医学杂志》：Online/在线发表
