小柯机器人

美国德克萨斯大学西南医学中心Vincent S. Tagliabracci研究团队发现，自组织的细菌效应子动态重塑宿主细胞膜。该研究于2021年4月29日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《科学》。

研究人员发现了由细菌磷酸肌醇激酶及其相反的磷酸酶组成的自组织系统，该系统形成时空模式，包括行波，从而重塑宿主细胞膜。军团菌效应子MavQ是一种磷脂酰肌醇（PI）3-激酶，可靶向内质网（ER）。即使在没有其他细菌成分的情况下，MavQ和军团菌PI 3-磷酸酶SidP也会在ER上驱动快速的PI 3-磷酸转换，自发形成沿ER亚域传播的行波，从而引起囊泡/小管出芽。因此，细菌为了生存可以利用自组织膜靶向机制来劫持宿主细胞结构。

据介绍，在感染期间，军团菌细菌将各种效应子转移到宿主细胞中，进而修饰宿主细胞膜的运输来协助细胞内病原体。

 附：英文原文

Title: Dynamic remodeling of host membranes by self-organizing bacterial effectors

Author: Ting-Sung Hsieh, Victor A. Lopez, Miles H. Black, Adam Osinski, Krzysztof Pawowski, Diana R. Tomchick, Jen Liou, Vincent S. Tagliabracci

Issue&Volume: 2021/04/29

Abstract: During infection Legionella bacteria translocate a variety of effectors into host cells that modify host cell membrane trafficking for the benefit of the intracellular pathogen. Here we found a self-organizing system consisting of a bacterial phosphoinositide kinase and its opposing phosphatase that formed spatiotemporal patterns, including traveling waves, to remodel host cellular membranes. The Legionella effector MavQ, a phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase, was targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). MavQ and the Legionella PI 3-phosphatase SidP, even in the absence of other bacterial components, drove rapid PI 3-phosphate turnover on the ER, spontaneously forming traveling waves that spread along ER subdomains inducing vesicle/tubule budding. Thus, bacteria can exploit a self-organizing membrane-targeting mechanism to hijack host cellular structures for survival.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aay8118

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2021/04/28/science.aay8118