小柯机器人

美国麻省理工学院Peter W. Reddien团队发现，涡虫干细胞能够在细胞周期中命运分化但仍保存潜能。该项研究成果于2021年4月20日在线发表在《细胞—干细胞》杂志上。

研究人员发现，命运特异性转录因子（FSTF）表达在neoblast的S/G2/M细胞周期阶段中很常见，而在G1中则不那么常见。研究人员发现专门的neoblast可以分裂产生具有不对称细胞命运的后代，这表明它们可以保留多能性。此外，在所有neoblast集落中均不存在已知的neoblast类别，这表明多能性不是任何已知类别的排他性。研究人员使用单细胞移植测试了这种可能性，这表明至少某些专门的neoblast可能是克隆形成的。基于这些发现，研究人员提出了一种neoblast多能性模型，即neoblast可以在细胞周期中进行分化而不会丧失潜能。

据介绍，涡虫全身的再生通过称为neoblast的干细胞来实现。至少一些neoblast是单独多能的。neoblast也是异质的，具有特定命运的特殊新生细胞亚群。新生细胞的命运分化受命运特异性转录因子（FSTF）表达的调节。

附：英文原文

Title: Planarian stem cells specify fate yet retain potency during the cell cycle

Author: Amelie A. Raz, Omri Wurtzel, Peter W. Reddien

Issue&Volume: 2021-04-20

Abstract: Planarian whole-body regeneration is enabled by stem cells called neoblasts. At leastsome neoblasts are individually pluripotent. Neoblasts are also heterogeneous, withsubpopulations of specialized neoblasts having different specified fates. Fate specificationin neoblasts is regulated by fate-specific transcription factor (FSTF) expression.Here, we find that FSTF expression is common in neoblast S/G2/M cell-cycle phasesbut less common in G1. We find that specialized neoblasts can divide to produce progenywith asymmetric cell fates, suggesting that they could retain pluripotency. Furthermore,no known neoblast class was present in all neoblast colonies, suggesting that pluripotencyis not the exclusive property of any known class. We tested this possibility withsingle-cell transplantations, which indicate that at least some specialized neoblastsare likely clonogenic. On the basis of these findings, we propose a model for neoblastpluripotency in which neoblasts can undergo specialization during the cell cycle withoutloss of potency.

DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.03.021

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(21)00154-5

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