小柯机器人

美国华盛顿大学Jesse D. Bloom课题组绘制出COVID-19逃逸治疗性抗体的突变图谱。相关论文于2021年1月25日在线发表在《科学》杂志上。

研究人员绘制了SARS-CoV-2受体结合域（RBD）的所有突变如何影响不同抗体的结合（REGN-COV2鸡尾酒疗法中的抗体和LY-CoV016抗体）。该图谱发现，一个氨基酸突变完全逃避了REGN-COV2鸡尾酒疗法，该疗法由两种靶向不同结构表位的抗体组成。该图谱还鉴定了在接受REGN-COV2治疗的持续感染患者中以及在体外病毒逃逸选择期间选择的病毒突变。

最后，该图谱揭示了能够逃逸单个抗体的突变已经存在于传播中的SARS-CoV-2菌株。总体而言，完整的病毒逃逸图谱可以解释病毒监测期间观察到的突变。

据悉，抗体是SARS-CoV-2的潜在疗法，但病毒逃脱它们的风险尚不清楚。 

附：英文原文

Title: Prospective mapping of viral mutations that escape antibodies used to treat COVID-19

Author: Tyler N. Starr, Allison J. Greaney, Amin Addetia, William W. Hannon, Manish C. Choudhary, Adam S. Dingens, Jonathan Z. Li, Jesse D. Bloom

Issue&Volume: 2021/01/25

Abstract: Antibodies are a potential therapy for SARS-CoV-2, but the risk of the virus evolving to escape them remains unclear. Here we map how all mutations to SARS-CoV-2’s receptor-binding domain (RBD) affect binding by the antibodies in the REGN-COV2 cocktail and the antibody LY-CoV016. These complete maps uncover a single amino-acid mutation that fully escapes the REGN-COV2 cocktail, which consists of two antibodies targeting distinct structural epitopes. The maps also identify viral mutations that are selected in a persistently infected patient treated with REGN-COV2, as well as during in vitro viral escape selections. Finally, the maps reveal that mutations escaping the individual antibodies are already present in circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains. Overall, these complete escape maps enable interpretation of the consequences of mutations observed during viral surveillance.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abf9302

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2021/01/22/science.abf9302