美国国家经济研究局Anupam B Jena团队研究了瑞典医生家族的代际传承。2020年12月16日，该研究发表在《英国医学杂志》上。
为了研究医学职业传承以及该传承随时间的变化，研究组使用瑞典人口范围内的行政数据（可绘制多达三代的医师家谱），依据个人管理注册表数据，进行了一项回顾性观察研究。共纳入47400名1950-90年出生，并于2001-2016年间居住在瑞典的医生。
主要观察指标为具有医学学位且至少有一名父母也接受过医学培训的个人所占比例，以及整个出生队列中这一比例的变化。其他分析包括具有法学学位的个人，以及其他亲戚（祖父母、姑姑、叔叔和兄弟姐妹）是律师的个人所占比例。
在27788名已知父母双方教育背景的医师中，14％的父母有一位是医师，2％的父母都是医师。至少有一位医师父母的医生比例随时间显著增加，从1950-59年出生医师的6％增加到1980-90年出生医师的20％。但在拥有法学学位的个人中未观察到相似的职业传承增加。
研究结果表明，在瑞典最近的医生队列中，五分之一的父母也是医生，且是三十年前出生医生的三倍以上。在律师中没有看到类似的模式，这表明医学职业传承的提高并不仅仅反映高薪学位的代际持久性。相反，对于瑞典医生来说，医学可能会在家族中代代传承。
附：英文原文
Title: Does medicine run in the family—evidence from three generations of physicians in Sweden: retrospective observational study
Author: Maria Polyakova, Petra Persson, Katja Hofmann, Anupam B Jena
Issue&Volume: 2020/12/16
Abstract:
Objective To examine occupational heritability in medicine and changes in heritability over time, with Swedish population wide administrative data that allowed mapping family trees of physicians spanning up to three generations.
Design Retrospective observational study.
Setting Individual level administrative registry data from Sweden.
Participants Physicians born in 1950-90 and living in Sweden at some time during 2001-16 (n=47400).
Main outcome measures The proportion of individuals with a completed medical degree with at least one parent who also trained in medicine, and the change in this proportion across birth cohorts. Additional analyses were conducted among other relatives (grandparents, aunts and uncles, and siblings) and for individuals with a law degree.
Results For 27788 physicians, where the educational background for both parents was known, 14% had a parent who was also a physician and 2% had two parents who were physicians. The proportion of physicians with at least one physician parent increased significantly over time, from 6% for physicians born in 1950-59 to 20% for physicians born in 1980-90 (P<0.001). The same pattern of increasing occupational heritability was not seen for individuals with law degrees.
Conclusions In recent cohorts of physicians in Sweden, one in five had a parent who was also a physician, more than triple the proportion seen for physicians born three decades earlier. A similar pattern was not seen in lawyers, suggesting that increasing occupational heritability in medicine does not reflect intergenerational persistence of high paying degrees alone. Rather, for physicians in Sweden, medicine might increasingly run in families.
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m4453
Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4453
BMJ-British Medical Journal:《英国医学杂志》，创刊于1840年。隶属于BMJ出版集团，最新IF：93.333
官方网址：http://www.bmj.com/
投稿链接：https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/bmj
本期文章：《英国医学杂志》：Online/在线发表
