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损伤可诱导星形胶质细胞的神经干细胞潜能
2020-08-07 22:10
来源：小柯机器人

2020年8月5日，《细胞—干细胞》杂志在线发表了瑞典科学家的一项最新研究成果。来自卡罗林斯卡医学院Jonas Frisén小组的最新工作表明，损伤能够诱导新皮质星形胶质细胞的神经源性潜力。

研究人员发现，Notch信号缺乏的星形胶质细胞可以在受伤后生成新的神经元。使用单细胞RNA测序，研究人员发现，当Notch信号被阻断时，星形胶质细胞会转变为神经干细胞样状态。然而，只有在损伤后，这些星形胶质细胞中的一部分才会产生神经源性程序，包括自扩增祖细胞样状态。 此外，单个细胞轨迹的重建使研究人员能够将星形胶质细胞的神经发生与沿着独立分支发生的反应性神经胶质细胞区别开。
 
最后，研究人员发现皮质神经发生在分子层面上以显著的保真度概括了典型的脑室下区神经发生。这些研究表明，实质性星形胶质细胞具有潜在的神经干细胞功能。
 
据悉，实质性星形胶质细胞已经成为非神经源性大脑区域中新神经元的潜在储存库。目前尚不清楚如何在分子层面上控制星形胶质细胞的神经发生。
 
附：英文原文

Title: A Widespread Neurogenic Potential of Neocortical Astrocytes Is Induced by Injury

Author: Margherita Zamboni, Enric Llorens-Bobadilla, Jens Peter Magnusson, Jonas Frisén

Issue&Volume: 2020-08-05

Abstract: Parenchymal astrocytes have emerged as a potential reservoir for new neurons in non-neurogenic brain regions. It is currently unclear how astrocyte neurogenesis is controlled molecularly. Here we show that Notch signaling-deficient astrocytes can generate new neurons after injury. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we found that, when Notch signaling is blocked, astrocytes transition to a neural stem cell-like state. However, only after injury do a few of these primed astrocytes unfold a neurogenic program, including a self-amplifying progenitor-like state. Further, reconstruction of the trajectories of individual cells allowed us to uncouple astrocyte neurogenesis from reactive gliosis, which occur along independent branches. Finally, we show that cortical neurogenesis molecularly recapitulates canonical subventricular zone neurogenesis with remarkable fidelity. Our study supports a widespread potential of parenchymal astrocytes to function as dormant neural stem cells.

DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.07.006

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(20)30344-1

Cell Stem Cell：《细胞—干细胞》，创刊于2007年。隶属于细胞出版社，最新IF：25.269
官方网址：https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/home
投稿链接：https://www.editorialmanager.com/cell-stem-cell/default.aspx


本期文章：《细胞—干细胞》：Online/在线发表

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