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研究揭示健康供体和COVID-19患者的SARS-CoV-2反应性T细胞
2020-08-02 23:22
来源：小柯机器人

德国柏林工业大学Andreas Thiel等研究人员合作揭示了健康供体和COVID-19患者的SARS-CoV-2反应性T细胞。相关论文于2020年7月29日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。

研究人员调查了COVID-19和未暴露SARS-CoV-2健康捐献者（HD）患者外周血中SARS-CoV-2突刺糖蛋白（S）反应性CD4+T细胞。研究人员在83％的COVID-19患者中以及35％的HD患者中检测到SARS-CoV-2 S反应性CD4+T细胞。HD中的S反应性CD4+T细胞主要与C末端S表位反应，与N末端表位相比，它们与人类地方性冠状病毒的刺突糖蛋白具有更高的同源性。
 
由SARS-CoV-2未感染HD产生的S反应性T细胞对人类地方性冠状病毒229E和OC43的C端S以及SARS-CoV-2的反应相似，从而表明存在S交叉反应性T细胞，这可能是在过去与地方性冠状病毒接触时产生。现有的SARS-CoV-2交叉反应性T细胞在临床结果中的作用仍有待进一步研究。但是，相当一部分普通人群中存在S交叉反应性T细胞可能会影响当前大流行的动态，并对即将进行的COVID-19疫苗试验的设计和分析具有重要意义。
 
据悉，严重的急性呼吸综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）导致了2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的大流行。从无症状感染到呼吸衰竭，COVID-19的临床表现各不相同。确定这种可变结果的机制仍未解决。
 
附：英文原文

Title: SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in healthy donors and patients with COVID-19

Author: Julian Braun, Lucie Loyal, Marco Frentsch, Daniel Wendisch, Philipp Georg, Florian Kurth, Stefan Hippenstiel, Manuela Dingeldey, Beate Kruse, Florent Fauchere, Emre Baysal, Maike Mangold, Larissa Henze, Roland Lauster, Marcus A. Mall, Kirsten Beyer, Jobst Rhmel, Sebastian Voigt, Jrgen Schmitz, Stefan Miltenyi, Ilja Demuth, Marcel A. Mller, Andreas Hocke, Martin Witzenrath, Norbert Suttorp, Florian Kern, Ulf Reimer, Holger Wenschuh, Christian Drosten, Victor M. Corman, Claudia Giesecke-Thiel, Leif Erik Sander, Andreas Thiel

Issue&Volume: 2020-07-29

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the rapidly unfolding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic1,2. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 vary, ranging from asymptomatic infection to respiratory failure. The mechanisms determining such variable outcomes remain unresolved. Here, we investigated SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S)-reactive CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood of patients with COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2-unexposed healthy donors (HD). We detected SARS-CoV-2 S-reactive CD4+ T cells in 83% of patients with COVID-19 but also in 35% of HD. S-reactive CD4+ T cells in HD reacted primarily to C-terminal S epitopes, which show a higher homology to spike glycoproteins of human endemic coronaviruses, compared to N-terminal epitopes. S-reactive T cell lines generated from SARS-CoV-2-naive HD responded similarly to C-terminal S of human endemic coronaviruses 229E and OC43 and SARS-CoV-2, demonstrating the presence of S-cross-reactive T cells, probably generated during past encounters with endemic coronaviruses. The role of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive T cells for clinical outcomes remains to be determined in larger cohorts. However, the presence of S-cross-reactive T cells in a sizable fraction of the general population may affect the dynamics of the current pandemic, and has important implications for the design and analysis of upcoming COVID-19 vaccine trials.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2598-9

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2598-9

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表

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