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被迫改变生活方式对少数族群健康的影响
2020-07-08 08:55

爱尔兰国立科克大学Fergus Shanahan及其课题组的最新研究揭示了由生活方式改变引起的微生物组变化对少数族群健康的影响。这一研究成果发表在2020年7月6日出版的《自然—医学》上。

现代生活方式部分通过改变微生物组而增加人类患慢性病的风险,但是生活方式对少数族群健康影响的研究甚少。生活方式会影响个体初期的微生物组,这时微生物组正在形成并且免疫系统尚未成熟。

此外,生活方式的影响已经通过遗传相似的人群和生活在同一地理位置的不同种族群体的研究而与遗传和地理因素分开。爱尔兰旅行者(一个种族上不同的亚人群)的生活方式在2002年随着立法的改变而改变,该立法结束了游牧民族的游牧生活并改变了他们的生活条件。

肠道微生物组比较的宏基因组学表明,爱尔兰旅行者体内保留的微生物群与非工业化社会人的相似。它们的微生物群与非饮食因素有关,并且与微生物组相关代谢性疾病的风险成比例地相关。该研究结果表明,当少数族群被迫改变生活方式后会产生与微生物组有关的公共卫生问题。

附:英文原文

Title: Microbiome and health implications for ethnic minorities after enforced lifestyle changes

Author: David M. Keohane, Tarini Shankar Ghosh, Ian B. Jeffery, Michael G. Molloy, Paul W. OToole, Fergus Shanahan

Issue&Volume: 2020-07-06

Abstract: Modern lifestyles increase the risk of chronic diseases, in part by modifying the microbiome, but the health effects of lifestyles enforced on ethnic minorities are understudied1,2,3. Lifestyle affects the microbiome early in life, when the microbiome is assembled and the immune system is undergoing maturation4,5,6. Moreover, the influence of lifestyle has been separated from genetic and geographic factors by studies of genetically similar populations and ethnically distinct groups living in the same geographic location7,8,9,10,11. The lifestyle of Irish Travellers, an ethnically distinct subpopulation, changed with legislation in 2002 that effectively ended nomadism and altered their living conditions. Comparative metagenomics of gut microbiomes shows that Irish Travellers retain a microbiota similar to that of non-industrialized societies. Their microbiota is associated with non-dietary factors and is proportionately linked with risk of microbiome-related metabolic disease. Our findings suggest there are microbiome-related public health implications when ethnic minorities are pressured to change lifestyles.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0963-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0963-8

Nature Medicine:《自然—医学》,创刊于1995年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:87.241
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/nm/
投稿链接:https://mts-nmed.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex


本期文章:《自然—医学》:Online/在线发表

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