英国伦敦玛丽皇后大学Ana O’Loghlen和西班牙拉蒙·卡哈尔医院拉蒙·卡哈尔卫生研究所Jose Antonio Rodríguez-Navarro研究组合作取得最新进展。他们发现小细胞外囊泡（sEVs）具有谷胱甘肽（GST）活性并改善衰老相关的组织损伤。这一研究成果于2020年6月22日发表在《细胞—代谢》杂志上。
他们提供的证据表明，从年轻的人类供体的初级成纤维细胞中分离出的sEVs，可以改善某些来自老年和Hutchinson-Gilford早衰综合症供体的细胞衰老的生物标志物。重要的是，来自年轻细胞的sEV可以改善老年小鼠各种组织的衰老。
从机制上讲，他们确定sEV具有固有的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性，部分原因是由于谷胱甘肽相关蛋白（GSTM2）的高水平表达。将重组GSTM2转染到源自老的成纤维细胞的sEV中，可恢复其抗氧化能力。sEVs在体内和体外均可增加还原型谷胱甘肽的水平，并降低氧化应激和脂质过氧化。总而言之，他们的数据表明了sEV具有作为衰老再生疗法的潜力。
研究人员表示，衰老是细胞和组织功能障碍的过程，且具有不同的标志，包括细胞衰老。但是，有证据表明衰老及其某些特征可以得到改善。
附：英文原文
Title: Small Extracellular Vesicles Have GST Activity and Ameliorate Senescence-Related Tissue Damage
Author: Juan Antonio Fafián-Labora, Jose Antonio Rodríguez-Navarro, Ana O’Loghlen
Issue&Volume: 2020-06-22
Abstract: Aging is a process of cellular and tissue dysfunction characterized by different hallmarks, including cellular senescence. However, there is proof that certain features of aging and senescence can be ameliorated. Here, we provide evidence that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) isolated from primary fibroblasts of young human donors ameliorate certain biomarkers of senescence in cells derived from old and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome donors. Importantly, sEVs from young cells ameliorate senescence in a variety of tissues in old mice. Mechanistically, we identified sEVs to have intrinsic glutathione-S-transferase activity partially due to the high levels of expression of the glutathione-related protein (GSTM2). Transfection of recombinant GSTM2 into sEVs derived from old fibroblasts restores their antioxidant capacity. sEVs increase the levels of reduced glutathione and decrease oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation both in vivo and in vitro. Altogether, our data provide an indication of the potential of sEVs as regenerative therapy in aging.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.06.004
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(20)30305-3
Cell Metabolism：《细胞—代谢》，创刊于2005年。隶属于细胞出版社，最新IF：31.373
官方网址：https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/home
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本期文章：《细胞—代谢》：Online/在线发表
