小柯机器人

美国爱荷华大学Noah S. Butler课题组在研究中取得进展。他们发现感染诱导的浆母细胞作为营养体削弱体液对疟疾的免疫。该项研究成果发表在2020年5月18日的《自然—免疫学》上。

研究人员发现在实验性疟疾感染期间，短寿命浆母细胞的迅速生成通过阻止生发中心反应而抑制了该寄生虫。浆母细胞代谢的过度活跃导致生发中心反应营养缺乏，从而限制了记忆B细胞的产生和长寿浆细胞的反应。

对实验感染的小鼠进行单一氨基酸给药治疗足以克服由浆母细胞导致的代谢限制、增强寄生虫的清除率以及形成保护性体液免疫记忆反应。因此，该研究不仅对血液感染阶段疟原虫诱导的浆母细胞的作用和功能现有模型提出了挑战，而且还揭示了提高抗疟原虫体液免疫的新靶点和策略。

据悉，疟原虫寄生虫特异性抗体对于预防疟疾至关重要，然而，形成长期有效的针对疟原虫的体液免疫需要长久、反复的感染和治愈过程。

附：英文原文

Title: Infection-induced plasmablasts are a nutrient sink that impairs humoral immunity to malaria

Author: Rahul Vijay, Jenna J. Guthmiller, Alexandria J. Sturtz, Fionna A. Surette, Kai J. Rogers, Ramakrishna R. Sompallae, Fengyin Li, Rosemary L. Pope, Jo-Anne Chan, Fabian de Labastida Rivera, Dean Andrew, Lachlan Webb, Wendy J. Maury, Hai-Hui Xue, Christian R. Engwerda, James S. McCarthy, Michelle J. Boyle, Noah S. Butler

Issue&Volume: 2020-05-18

Abstract: Plasmodium parasite–specific antibodies are critical for protection against malaria, yet the development of long-lived and effective humoral immunity against Plasmodium takes many years and multiple rounds of infection and cure. Here, we report that the rapid development of short-lived plasmablasts during experimental malaria unexpectedly hindered parasite control by impeding germinal center responses. Metabolic hyperactivity of plasmablasts resulted in nutrient deprivation of the germinal center reaction, limiting the generation of memory B cell and long-lived plasma cell responses. Therapeutic administration of a single amino acid to experimentally infected mice was sufficient to overcome the metabolic constraints imposed by plasmablasts and enhanced parasite clearance and the formation of protective humoral immune memory responses. Thus, our studies not only challenge the current model describing the role and function of blood-stage Plasmodium-induced plasmablasts but they also reveal new targets and strategies to improve anti-Plasmodium humoral immunity.

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0678-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-020-0678-5

Nature Immunology：《自然—免疫学》，创刊于2000年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：31.25
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/ni/
投稿链接：https://mts-ni.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex