小柯机器人

摄入机械感觉反馈控制的神经回路机制
2020-04-09 13:26

韩国首尔国立大学Sung-Yon Kim团队近日取得一项新成果。他们的研究揭示摄入机械感觉反馈控制的神经回路机制。该研究于202048日发表于《自然》杂志上。

研究组表明,在小鼠中,表达前强啡肽基因的臂旁神经核中的神经元(以下称PBPdyn神经元)利用上消化道产生的机械感觉信号来监测液体和固体的摄入。多数个体PBPdyn神经元通过摄入以及对口和胃的刺激而被激活,这表明了消化道不同部位所整合的感觉信号的表现。PBPdyn神经元在解剖学上通过颅骨和脊髓途径连接到消化系统。

在这些途径中,迷走神经将胃扩张信号传递给PBPdyn神经元。收到这些信号后,这些神经元会产生厌恶和持续的食欲抑制信号,从而部分地通过向心室下丘脑发出信号来阻止进食和饮水(充分重现胃扩张的症状)。相比之下,仅当存在摄取驱动时,抑制相同的PBPdyn神经元群体才会引起过度消耗,这证实了这些神经元会介导负反馈信号。他们的发现揭示了一种神经机制,它是消化的机械感觉监测和消化道扩张时摄入行为的负反馈控制的基础。

据了解,从消化道到大脑的机械感觉反馈对于限制过多的食物和水摄入至关重要,但是潜在的肠-脑沟通途径和机制仍然知之甚少。

附:英文原文

Title: A neural circuit mechanism for mechanosensory feedback control of ingestion

Author: Dong-Yoon Kim, Gyuryang Heo, Minyoo Kim, Hyunseo Kim, Ju Ae Jin, Hyun-Kyung Kim, Sieun Jung, Myungmo An, Benjamin H. Ahn, Jong Hwi Park, Han-Eol Park, Myungsun Lee, Jung Weon Lee, Gary J. Schwartz, Sung-Yon Kim

Issue&Volume: 2020-04-08

Abstract: Mechanosensory feedback from the digestive tract to the brain is critical for limiting excessive food and water intake, but the underlying gut–brain communication pathways and mechanisms remain poorly understood1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12. Here we show that, in mice, neurons in the parabrachial nucleus that express the prodynorphin gene (hereafter, PBPdyn neurons) monitor the intake of both fluids and solids, using mechanosensory signals that arise from the upper digestive tract. Most individual PBPdyn neurons are activated by ingestion as well as the stimulation of the mouth and stomach, which indicates the representation of integrated sensory signals across distinct parts of the digestive tract. PBPdyn neurons are anatomically connected to the digestive periphery via cranial and spinal pathways; we show that, among these pathways, the vagus nerve conveys stomach-distension signals to PBPdyn neurons. Upon receipt of these signals, these neurons produce aversive and sustained appetite-suppressing signals, which discourages the initiation of feeding and drinking (fully recapitulating the symptoms of gastric distension) in part via signalling to the paraventricular hypothalamus. By contrast, inhibiting the same population of PBPdyn neurons induces overconsumption only if a drive for ingestion exists, which confirms that these neurons mediate negative feedback signalling. Our findings reveal a neural mechanism that underlies the mechanosensory monitoring of ingestion and negative feedback control of intake behaviours upon distension of the digestive tract.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2167-2

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2167-2

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

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