小柯机器人

Cas9–Cas12a杂交平台实现对遗传相互作用的绘制
2020-03-17 10:28

加拿大多伦多大学Jason Moffat、Benjamin J. Blencowe、Thomas Gonatopoulos-Pournatzis等研究人员合作取得新进展。他们利用Cas9–Cas12a杂交平台实现对遗传相互作用的绘制与外显子功能基因组学的解析。这一研究成果于2020年3月16日在线发表在《自然—生物技术》杂志上。

研究人员表示,遗传相互作用(GI)的系统绘制,以及对哺乳动物细胞中相当大的基因组片段功能的研究代表了生物医学研究的重要目标。
 
为了实现这些目标,研究人员提出了一种基于CRISPR的组合遗传操作筛选系统,其利用CRISPR相关核酸酶9和12a(Cas9和Cas12a)以及机器学习优化混合文库的共表达Cas9–Cas12a先导RNA。该系统名为CHyMErA(Cas Hybrid for Multiplexed Editing and Screening Applications),其比单独使用Cas9或Cas12a进行遗传筛选更为高效。
 
CHyMErA在敲除哺乳动物旁系同源基因对的应用中揭示了广泛的GI,并揭示了通常被功能冗余掩盖的表型。CHyMErA在化学遗传相互作用筛选中的应用可识别响应mTOR途径抑制而影响细胞生长的基因。此外,通过系统地靶向数千种选择性剪接事件,CHyMErA可以识别人类细胞系适应性的外显子。因此,CHyMErA代表了一种有效的筛查方法,用于进行GI的绘制和大量基因组区域(例如可变外显子)的功能分析。
 
附:英文原文

Title: Genetic interaction mapping and exon-resolution functional genomics with a hybrid Cas9–Cas12a platform

Author: Thomas Gonatopoulos-Pournatzis, Michael Aregger, Kevin R. Brown, Shaghayegh Farhangmehr, Ulrich Braunschweig, Henry N. Ward, Kevin C. H. Ha, Alexander Weiss, Maximilian Billmann, Tanja Durbic, Chad L. Myers, Benjamin J. Blencowe, Jason Moffat

Issue&Volume: 2020-03-16

Abstract: Systematic mapping of genetic interactions (GIs) and interrogation of the functions of sizable genomic segments in mammalian cells represent important goals of biomedical research. To advance these goals, we present a CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-based screening system for combinatorial genetic manipulation that employs coexpression of CRISPR-associated nucleases 9 and 12a (Cas9 and Cas12a) and machine-learning-optimized libraries of hybrid Cas9–Cas12a guide RNAs. This system, named Cas Hybrid for Multiplexed Editing and screening Applications (CHyMErA), outperforms genetic screens using Cas9 or Cas12a editing alone. Application of CHyMErA to the ablation of mammalian paralog gene pairs reveals extensive GIs and uncovers phenotypes normally masked by functional redundancy. Application of CHyMErA in a chemogenetic interaction screen identifies genes that impact cell growth in response to mTOR pathway inhibition. Moreover, by systematically targeting thousands of alternative splicing events, CHyMErA identifies exons underlying human cell line fitness. CHyMErA thus represents an effective screening approach for GI mapping and the functional analysis of sizable genomic regions, such as alternative exons.

DOI: 10.1038/s41587-020-0437-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-020-0437-z

Nature Biotechnology:《自然—生物技术》,创刊于1996年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:68.164
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/nbt/
投稿链接:https://mts-nbt.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex


本期文章:《自然—生物技术》:Online/在线发表

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