小柯机器人

美国华盛顿大学Lucas R. Hoffman、Samuel I. Miller、Elhanan Borenstein等研究人员合作发现，囊肿性纤维化婴儿的粪便微生态失调与早期线性生长障碍有关。该项研究成果于2020年1月20日在线发表于《自然—医学》杂志。

据研究人员介绍，大多数患有囊肿性纤维化（CF）的婴儿均患有胰腺外分泌功能不全，导致营养吸收不良，需要口服胰酶替代。新生儿CF筛查可以对这些婴儿进行早期诊断、营养干预和酶替代，从而使大多数CF婴儿能够在12个月大时达到体重目标。尽管如此，大多数患有CF的婴儿在其生命的第一年中仍保持较差的线性增长。尽管这种早期的线性生长障碍与长期呼吸功能和存活率降低相关，但尚未确定CF婴儿的体长决定因素。CF胃肠道（GI）的一些特征，包括炎症、消化不良和吸收不良，可能会促进肠道营养不良。由于已知胃肠道微生物组活动会影响内分泌功能，因此CF婴儿的肠道微生物组也可能影响生长。

研究人员发现了一种早期进行性粪便营养不良，可将CF和低身高的婴儿与CF和正常身高的婴儿区分开。这种营养不良包括改变的分类群单元数量，这些功能对胃肠道健康、养分吸收和生长激素信号传导具有重要作用，包括拟杆菌含量的降低和变形杆菌含量的增加。因此，胃肠道微生物群是纠正CF婴儿低线性生长的潜在治疗靶标。

附：英文原文

Title: Fecal dysbiosis in infants with cystic fibrosis is associated with early linear growth failure

Author: Hillary S. Hayden, Alexander Eng, Christopher E. Pope, Mitchell J. Brittnacher, Anh T. Vo, Eli J. Weiss, Kyle R. Hager, Bryan D. Martin, Daniel H. Leung, Sonya L. Heltshe, Elhanan Borenstein, Samuel I. Miller, Lucas R. Hoffman

Issue&Volume: 2020-01-20

Abstract: Most infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) have pancreatic exocrine insufficiency that results in nutrient malabsorption and requires oral pancreatic enzyme replacement. Newborn screening for CF has enabled earlier diagnosis, nutritional intervention and enzyme replacement for these infants, allowing most infants with CF to achieve their weight goals by 12 months of age1. Nevertheless, most infants with CF continue to have poor linear growth during their first year of life1. Although this early linear growth failure is associated with worse long-term respiratory function and survival2,3, the determinants of body length in infants with CF have not been defined. Several characteristics of the CF gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including inflammation, maldigestion and malabsorption, may promote intestinal dysbiosis4,5. As GI microbiome activities are known to affect endocrine functions6,7, the intestinal microbiome of infants with CF may also impact growth. We identified an early, progressive fecal dysbiosis that distinguished infants with CF and low length from infants with CF and normal length. This dysbiosis included altered abundances of taxa that perform functions that are important for GI health, nutrient harvest and growth hormone signaling, including decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes and increased abundance of Proteobacteria. Thus, the GI microbiota represent a potential therapeutic target for the correction of low linear growth in infants with CF.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0714-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-019-0714-x

Nature Medicine：《自然—医学》，创刊于1995年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：87.241
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/nm/
投稿链接：https://mts-nmed.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex