美国宾夕法尼亚大学Bart C. De Jonghe研究组的发现了生长分化因子15（GDF15）通过恶心和呕吐诱导厌食。这一研究成果2020年1月9日发表在《细胞—代谢》上。
他们检查了三种不同的实验室哺乳动物物种的进食、呕吐和/或催吐样行为，以帮助阐明GDF15在这些行为中的作用。数据显示，GDF15导致臭鼩（麝香鼩）呕吐，并在非催吐物种（包括小鼠和瘦的或肥胖大鼠）中引起指示恶心/不适（例如厌食和异食癖）的行为。他们还提供了小鼠中的数据，表明GDF15有助于缓解化疗引起的不适。
总之，这些结果表明，GDF15通过引起恶心和/或通过催吐神经回路触发厌食症。
据了解，GDF15是一种通过激活后脑GFRAL-RET受体减少食物摄取的细胞因子，已成为抗肥胖疗法的关注目标。内源性GDF15升高与能量平衡紊乱、癌症进展、化学疗法引起的厌食和孕吐有关。他们假设GDF15能够引起呕吐，并且此功能与厌食有关。
附：英文原文
Title: GDF15 Induces Anorexia through Nausea and Emesis
Author: Tito Borner, Evan D. Shaulson, Misgana Y. Ghidewon, Amanda B. Barnett, Charles C. Horn, Robert P. Doyle, Harvey J. Grill, Matthew R. Hayes, Bart C. De Jonghe
Issue&Volume: January 9, 2020
Abstract: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a cytokine that reduces food intake throughactivation of hindbrain GFRAL-RET receptors and has become a keen target of interestfor anti-obesity therapies. Elevated endogenous GDF15 is associated with energy balancedisturbances, cancer progression, chemotherapy-induced anorexia, and morning sickness.We hypothesized that GDF15 causes emesis and that its anorectic effects are relatedto this function. Here, we examined feeding and emesis and/or emetic-like behaviorsin three different mammalian laboratory species to help elucidate the role of GDF15in these behaviors. Data show that GDF15 causes emesis in Suncus murinus (musk shrews) and induces behaviors indicative of nausea/malaise (e.g., anorexiaand pica) in non-emetic species, including mice and lean or obese rats. We also presentdata in mice suggesting that GDF15 contributes to chemotherapy-induced malaise. Together,these results indicate that GDF15 triggers anorexia through the induction of nauseaand/or by engaging emetic neurocircuitry.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.12.004
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30669-2
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