美国哈佛医学院Matthias Nahrendorf研究团队发现，运动通过影响造血干细胞减少炎症细胞的产生和心血管炎症。相关论文2019年11月7日在线发表在《自然—医学》上。
研究人员发现自发奔跑会降低小鼠的造血活动。运动可以保护患有动脉粥样硬化的小鼠和人类免受慢性白细胞增多症的侵害，但不会损害小鼠的紧急造血功能。从机制上讲，运动减少了脂肪组织中瘦素的产生，增加了瘦素受体阳性的基质骨髓细胞中促静止造血因子。在Prrx1-creERT2中诱导瘦素受体的缺失；Leprfl / fl小鼠瘦素通过骨髓小生境细胞可调节造血干细胞和祖细胞（HSPC）的增殖和白细胞的产生，以及心血管炎症和预后。退出跑轮可迅速逆转瘦素水平，而运动对白细胞产生以及HSPC表观基因组和转录组的影响可持续数周。总之，这些数据表明，体育活动通过调节小生境改变了HSPC，从而降低了炎性白细胞的造血输出。
据悉，久坐的生活方式会造成慢性炎症和白细胞增多，这会增加动脉粥样硬化；然而，尚不清楚正常的体育锻炼是否会影响白细胞的产生。
附：英文原文
Title: Exercise reduces inflammatory cell production and cardiovascular inflammation via instruction of hematopoietic progenitor cells
Author: Vanessa Frodermann, David Rohde, Gabriel Courties, Nicolas Severe, Maximilian J. Schloss, Hajera Amatullah, Cameron S. McAlpine, Sebastian Cremer, Friedrich F. Hoyer, Fei Ji, Ian D. van Koeverden, Fanny Herisson, Lisa Honold, Gustavo Santos Masson, Shuang Zhang, Jana Grune, Yoshiko Iwamoto, Stephen P. Schmidt, Gregory R. Wojtkiewicz, I-Hsiu Lee, Karin Gustafsson, Gerard Pasterkamp, Saskia C. A. de Jager, Ruslan I. Sadreyev, Jean MacFadyen, Peter Libby, Paul Ridker, David T. Scadden, Kamila Naxerova, Kate L. Jeffrey, Filip K. Swirski, Matthias Nahrendorf
Issue&Volume: 2019-11-07
Abstract: A sedentary lifestyle, chronic inflammation and leukocytosis increase atherosclerosis; however, it remains unclear whether regular physical activity influences leukocyte production. Here we show that voluntary running decreases hematopoietic activity in mice. Exercise protects mice and humans with atherosclerosis from chronic leukocytosis but does not compromise emergency hematopoiesis in mice. Mechanistically, exercise diminishes leptin production in adipose tissue, augmenting quiescence-promoting hematopoietic niche factors in leptin-receptor-positive stromal bone marrow cells. Induced deletion of the leptin receptor in Prrx1-creERT2; Leprfl/fl mice reveals that leptins effect on bone marrow niche cells regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) proliferation and leukocyte production, as well as cardiovascular inflammation and outcomes. Whereas running wheel withdrawal quickly reverses leptin levels, the impact of exercise on leukocyte production and on the HSPC epigenome and transcriptome persists for several weeks. Together, these data show that physical activity alters HSPCs via modulation of their niche, reducing hematopoietic output of inflammatory leukocytes. The beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular disease are linked to decreased inflammation through crosstalk between adipose tissue and hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0633-x
Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-019-0633-x
Nature Medicine：《自然—医学》，创刊于1995年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：87.241
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/nm/
投稿链接：https://mts-nmed.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex
本期文章：《自然—医学》：Online/在线发表
