小柯机器人

德国马克斯·普朗克人类历史科学研究所Heidi Deeg，Philipp W. Stockhammer和Alissa Mittnik研究团队，合作发现欧洲青铜时代以血缘关系为基础的社会不平等现象。这一研究成果2019年10月10日在线发表于《科学》。

揭示和理解史前社会不平等背后的机制是一项重大挑战。通过组合全基因组数据、同位素证据以及人类学和考古学数据，研究人员超越了考古学中占主导地位的超区域方法，从而揭示了青铜时代社会地位、继承规则和迁徙的复杂性。他们采用了深层的微区域方法，并分析了来自德国南部新石器时代晚期至青铜器中期的农庄相关墓地的104个人的全基因组数据。

他们的研究结果表明，历经几代的个体家庭包括一个高地位的核心家庭和无亲缘关系的个体，这种组织伴随着父权制和女性外来配偶，该体系在700多年来保持稳定。

附：英文原文

Title: Kinship-based social inequality in Bronze Age Europe

Author: Alissa Mittnik1,2,3,*, Ken Massy4, Corina Knipper5, Fabian Wittenborn5, Saskia Pfrengle1, Nadine Carlichi-Witjes7, Heidi Deeg8, Anja Furtwängler2, Michaela Harbeck9, Kristin von Heyking7, Catharina Kociumaka10, Isil Kucukkalipci2, Susanne Lindauer5, Stephanie Metz6,11, Anja Staskiewicz12, Andreas Thiel13, Joachim Wahl13, Wolfgang Haak1, Ernst Pernicka5, Stephan Schiffels1, Philipp W. Stockhammer1,4,*, Johannes Krause1,2,*

Issue&Volume: 2019/10/10

Abstract: 

Revealing and understanding the mechanisms behind social inequality in prehistoric societies is a major challenge. By combining genome wide data, isotopic evidence as well as anthropological and archaeological data, we go beyond the dominating supra-regional approaches in archaeogenetics to shed light on the complexity of social status, inheritance rules and mobility during the Bronze Age. We apply a deep micro-regional approach and analyze genome wide data of 104 human individuals deriving from farmstead-related cemeteries from the Late Neolithic to the Middle Bronze Age in southern Germany. Our results reveal that individual households lasting several generations consisted of a high-status core family and unrelated low-status individuals, a social organization accompanied by patrilocality and female exogamy, and the stability of this system over 700 years.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aax6219

Source:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2019/10/09/science.aax6219