美国迈阿密大学Sheyum Syed课题组最新研究探明了果蝇日间的颜色偏好取决于生物钟和瞬时受体电位（TRP）通道。相关论文2019年9月18日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。
他们表明，当给与在蓝色，绿色和昏暗的光线中进行时，果蝇表现出意想不到的复杂的颜色偏好模式，其偏好性根据一天中的时间而变化。果蝇在清晨和傍晚表现出对绿色的强烈偏好，在中午减少了绿色偏好，并且在一天中强烈避免蓝色。遗传操作揭示绿色偏好的峰需要基于视紫红质的视觉光感受器并且由生物钟控制。中午对于绿色偏好的减少有利于昏暗光线，这依赖于TRP通道dTRPA1和散热，并且还由生物钟控制。相比之下，避免蓝光主要由多枝状神经元介导，需要视紫红质7和TRP通道，并且与生物钟无关。
他们的研究结果表明，几个TRP通道参与了果蝇的颜色驱动行为，揭示了先天颜色偏好的不同途径，协调了环境光线中果蝇的行为动态。
据了解，根据对于不同颜色光的偏好，可以引导动物觅食和寻找避难所过程中远离潜在的不利因素来赋予其生存优势。这种依赖于颜色的行为可以是后天的或先天的。有关哺乳动物先天颜色偏好的数据仍存在争议，对于较简单的有机体数据也是有限的。
附：英文原文
Title: Daytime colour preference in Drosophila depends on the circadian clock and TRP channels
Author: Stanislav Lazopulo, Andrey Lazopulo, James D. Baker, Sheyum Syed
Issue&Volume: 2019-09-18
Abstract:
Light discrimination according to colour can confer survival advantages by guiding animals towards food and shelter and away from potentially harmful situations1,2. Such colour-dependent behaviour can be learned or innate. Data on innate colour preference in mammals remain controversial3 and there are limited data for simpler organisms4,5,6,7. Here we show that, when given a choice among blue, green and dim light, fruit flies exhibit an unexpectedly complex pattern of colour preference that changes according to the time of day. Flies show a strong preference for green in the early morning and late afternoon, a reduced green preference at midday and a robust avoidance of blue throughout the day. Genetic manipulations reveal that the peaks in green preference require rhodopsin-based visual photoreceptors and are controlled by the circadian clock. The midday reduction in green preference in favour of dim light depends on the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels dTRPA1 and Pyrexia, and is also timed by the clock. By contrast, avoidance of blue light is primarily mediated by multidendritic neurons, requires rhodopsin 7 and the TRP channel Painless, and is independent of the clock. Our findings show that several TRP channels are involved in colour-driven behaviour in Drosophila, and reveal distinct pathways of innate colour preference that coordinate the behavioural dynamics of flies in ambient light.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1571-y
Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1571-y
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
