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由于引用撤销论文而被撤销？！
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文：黄锦苑
编辑：付慧真
浙江大学信息资源管理系
“老哥 你引用的文章被撤稿了”
“嗯？所以呢？”
“你小心 Cites Prior Retracted Work被撤稿噢”
“你说啥？再说一遍？”
好的，进入正题，今天讨论的主题就是“Cites Prior Retracted Work”（因引用撤销论文而被撤稿）。一篇存在缺陷的论文从发表到被正式撤销，往往要经历一个非常漫长的岁月（这个时间也被称为撤销时滞，web of science核心期刊的撤销时滞约为3.5年），在这段时间里存在缺陷的论文和其他论文一样开放可获取，这就意味着难免有后续研究学者把它们引用在自己的学术论文上，除此以外，经过我们的数据统计，被撤稿的论文不仅在撤销前有引用，在它已经被撤稿之后，出于各种原因，还是会有学者继续进行引用。
图1是Web of Science核心期刊撤稿论文的撤稿前后引用总数对比条形图：
从这些数据中可以发现，撤稿论文被引用其实是一个非常普遍的现象，因此如果非常不幸，你引用的论文正好被撤稿了，大概率你的文章是不会因此被撤稿的（叭）。
当然这也不意味着你就可以高枕无忧了。
概率极小不意味着某事一定不会发生，是叭？
万一，你就是那个幸运鹅呢~
z
逃 ε=ε=ε=ε=ε=ε=╭(′▽`)╭(′▽`)╯
下面就是十五篇“幸运鹅”，它们因引用了撤稿论文而被撤回
（由retraction watch database 查询撤稿原因包含Cites Prior Retracted Work）
1.Roles of MicroRNAs and Other Non-coding RNAs in Breast Cancer Metastasis |
2.Non-coding RNA production by RNA polymerase III is implicated in cancer |
3.Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis:a functional role for mast cells and basophils? |
4.3-Benzhydryl-4-piperidones as novel neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists and their efficient synthesis |
5.Impact of Cooperative Trial and Sociodemographic Variation on Adjuvant Radiation Therapy Usage in Elderly Women (>= 70 Years) with Stage I,Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer:Analysis of the National Cancer Data Base |
6.Concomitant suppression of three target genes can explain the impact of a microRNA on metastasis |
7.Activation of miR-31 function in already-established metastases elicits metastatic regression |
8.STEALTH in transplantation tolerance |
9.Efficacy of Menatetrenone (Vitamin K-2) against Non-Vertebral and Hip Fractures in Patients with Neurological Diseases Meta-Analysis of Three Randomized,Controlled Trials |
10.Effect of folate and mecobalamin on hip fractures in patients with stroke - A randomized controlled trial |
11.Efficacy of risedronate against hip fracture in patients with neurological diseases:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
12.Efficacy of oral bisphosphonates for preventing hip fracture in disabled patients with neurological diseases:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials among the Japanese population |
13.Sunlight exposure is important for preventing hip fractures in patients with Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,or stroke |
14.Gene expression signatures,clinicopathological features,and individualized therapy in breast cancer |
15.Engineered whole organs and complex tissues |
下图就是这些幸运鹅的相关信息啦
注：S/N为serial number见上图
Cites Prior Retracted Work -----Retracted Articles’ Detail Information
S/N | AU | PY1 | PY2 | TR | RS | TC |
1 | Valastyan,S | 2012 | 2016 | 4 | Cites Prior Retracted Work | 16 |
2 | Marshall,L | 2008 | 2012 | 4 | Cites Prior Retracted Work | 68 |
3 | Suurmond,J | 2011 | 2014 | 3 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Falsification/Fabrication of Data;Investigation by Company/Institution;Investigation by Third Party | 5 |
4 | Shirai,J | 2011 | 2015 | 4 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Concerns/Issues About Authorship;Error in Materials (General) | 4 |
5 | Chu,QD | 2016 | 2017 | 1 | Cites Prior Retracted Work | 9 |
6 | Valastyan,S | 2009 | 2015 | 6 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Error in Analyses;Error in Methods | 81 |
7 | Valastyan,S | 2011 | 2015 | 4 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Error in Analyses;Error in Methods | 70 |
8 | Hutchings,A | 2002 | 2008 | 6 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Error in Methods | 4 |
9 | Iwamoto,J | 2009 | 2018 | 9 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results | 15 |
10 | Sato,Y | 2005 | 2016 | 11 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Falsification/Fabrication of Data;Forged Authorship;Investigation by Company/Institution;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Misconduct - Official Investigation/Finding;Misconduct by Author;Concerns/Issues About Authorship;Concerns/Issues About Data;Concerns/Issues About Results;Error in Data;Error in Methods | 194 |
11 | Iwamoto,J | 2008 | 2017 | 9 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Concerns/Issues About Data;Concerns/Issues About Results;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results | 8 |
12 | Iwamoto,J | 2011 | 2017 | 6 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Concerns/Issues About Data;Concerns/Issues About Results;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results | 4 |
13 | Iwamoto,J | 2012 | 2018 | 6 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Investigation by Company/Institution;Misconduct - Official Investigation/Finding;Misconduct by Third Party | 12 |
14 | Acharya,CR | 2008 | 2012 | 4 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Concerns/Issues About Data;Conflict of Interest | 84 |
15 | Badylak,SF | 2012 | 2018 | 6 | Cites Prior Retracted Work;Falsification/Fabrication of Data;Investigation by Company/Institution;Misconduct - Official Investigation/Finding;Misconduct by Author | 268 |
注释：
S/N：serial number编号
AU：author 作者信息（因版面原因只标注第一作者）
PY1：论文发表年
PY2：论文撤销年
TR：time-to-retraction 撤销时滞
RS：reasons 由retraction watch database中查出的撤销原因
TC：total citations撤销论文的总被引数
这15篇因引用了撤稿文献文献被撤稿的文章中，有一篇论文的被引达到268，而紧随其后的是Sato,Y教授引用量达到194的论文。在上图中，还有一个有趣的现象，有两位作者Iwamoto,J和Valastyan,S分别因Cites Prior Retracted Work被撤回了4篇和3篇论文，鉴于我们收集的统计数据都是web of science核心期刊……
幸幸苦苦发表的核心期刊论文，说没就没了
所以，虽然单纯因为引用了撤稿论文被撤稿的概率很低，但是我们依旧需要谨慎，特别是当需要引用某个理论/数据作为支撑性信息或者撰写综述性文章时，保证引用信息的安全可靠就显得尤为重要了。如果盲目信任高被引或者某领域权威而不加判断的进行该领域的研究，很可能就面临Iwamoto,J和Valastyan,S教授这样一系列研究论文均被撤回的情况。
引用撤稿论文被撤稿只是撤销时滞和存在缺陷的论文带来的负面科研影响之一。截至2018年web of science核心期刊数据库中撤稿论文的引用频次已经大于1.2万次，它们所造成的学术负面影响绝不仅仅是15篇Cites Prior Retracted Work论文而已，有更多的科研人员的心血在这些错误甚至虚假的信息当中被浪费了，它们很难被精确统计，但它们确实存在并且令人痛心。学术领域的虚假，就像巴尔扎克笔下虚假的坦白，实在是一种可怕的东西。
最后，用竺可桢老校长的题词结尾叭！
希望各位正在科研道路上（或者入口）的朋友
务求实学，存是去非
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上一篇：『撤销论文』论文中的作者贡献说明
下一篇：partial retraction、retract and replace、total retraction
