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本文为美国康奈尔大学(作者:Ray Daniel Zimmerman)的硕士论文,共71页。
配电系统通常包括连线和分段开关,其状态决定网络的拓扑结构。系统配置会影响变电站供电到负载的效率。电力公司感兴趣的是找到最有效的配置,实现一个最大限度地减少实际电力损失的三相配电系统。
本文将网络重构问题描述为具有等式和不等式约束的单目标优化问题。这个问题的建议解决方案是基于一个被称为模拟退火的通用组合优化算法。为了保证求解的可行性,必须满足基尔霍夫电压和电流定律,在三相配电系统中,基尔霍夫电压和电流定律可以表示为三相潮流方程。推导了相关的方程,并对三相系统建模进行了总结。本文首先对模拟退火算法进行了一般性描述,然后将其具体应用于网络重构问题。文中还介绍了该算法在C语言程序中的实现。该程序在Sun工作站上进行了测试,给出了一个具有147条总线和12个交换机的示例系统。该算法在几分钟内收敛到最优解,证明了用模拟退火算法解决三相配电网降损网络重构问题的可行性。这些结果为将现有的单相或平衡系统的方法推广到更复杂、更必要的三相不平衡情况提供了依据。
Power distribution systems typically have tie and sectionalizing switches whose states determine the topological configuration of the network. The system configurationaffects the efficiency with which the power supplied by the substation is transferred to the load. Power companies are interested in finding the most efficient configuration, the one whichminimizes the real power loss of their three-phase distribution systems. Inthis thesis the network reconfiguration problem is formulated as single objective optimization problem with equality and inequality constraints. The proposed solution to thisproblem is based on a general combinatorial optimization algorithm known as simulated annealing. To ensure that a solution is feasible it must satisfy Kirchhoff’s voltage and current laws, which in a three-phase distributionsystem can be expressed as the three-phase power flow equations. The derivationof these equations is presented along with a summary of related three-phasesystem modeling. The simulated annealing algorithm is described in a general context and then appliedspecifically to the network reconfiguration problem. Also presented here is a description of the implementation of this solution algorithm in a C language program. Thisprogram was tested on a Sun workstation, given an example system with 147 buses and 12 switches. The algorithm converged to the optimal solution in a matter of minutes demonstrating the feasibility ofusing simulated annealing to solve the problem of network reconfiguration for loss reduction in a three-phase power distribution system. These results pro-vide the basis for the extension of existing methods forsingle-phase or balanced systems to the more complex and increasingly morenecessary three-phase unbalanced case.
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