使用Iotop命令查看postgresql进程i/o访问速率如下：
postgres@postgres-laptop:~$ iotop
Total DISK READ: 0.00 B/s | Total DISK WRITE: 755.55 K/s
 TID  PRIO  USER     DISK READ  DISK WRITE  SWAPIN     IO>    COMMAND          
5185 be/4 postgres    0.00 B/s   22.22 K/s  ?unavailable?  postgres:~er process
5193 be/4 postgres    0.00 B/s  785.18 K/s  ?unavailable?  postgres:~ocal] idle
   1 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  init
   2 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [kthreadd]
   3 rt/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [migration/0]
   4 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [ksoftirqd/0]
   5 rt/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [watchdog/0]
   6 rt/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [migration/1]
   7 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [ksoftirqd/1]
   8 rt/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [watchdog/1]
   9 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [events/0]
  10 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [events/1]
  11 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [cpuset]
  12 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [khelper]
  13 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [netns]
  14 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [async/mgr]
  15 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [pm]
  17 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [sync_supers]
  18 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [bdi-default]
  19 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [kintegrityd/0]
  20 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  ?unavailable?  [kintegrityd/1]
CONFIG_TASK_DELAY_ACCT not enabled in kernel, cannot determine SWAPIN and IO %

由于是实时监控的，可用于不同计算机I/O性能的比较。

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