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石墨的燃点是多少度?

已有 18129 次阅读 2011-9-18 13:15 |个人分类:化学|系统分类:科研笔记

燃点是指在空气中加热能自燃的温度,而石墨的燃点是多少度,中文搜索结果都不同,英文的只找到几个,看得不太懂,可能是650度,不过有一点是肯定的,燃点与粒度、表面、升温速度,氧含量等有关系。非专业人士,仅供参考, 不负责任 :)
参考文献
1)
Bibliographic Citation
 
Document 1 Mb   View Document or Access Individual Pages  -   search, view and/or download individual pages
DOI10.2172/6102304
TitleA safety assessment of the use of graphite in nuclear reactors licensed by the US NRC
Creator/AuthorSchweitzer, D.G. ; Gurinsky, D.H. ; Kaplan, E. ; Sastre, C.
Publication Date1987 Sep 01
OSTI IdentifierOSTI ID: 6102304; Legacy ID: DE88000046
Report Number(s)NUREG/CR-4981; BNL-NUREG-52092
DOE Contract NumberAC02-76CH00016
Other Number(s)Other: ON: DE88000046
Resource TypeTechnical Report
Research OrgBrookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (USA); Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (USA). Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
Subject22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS; 21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; COMBUSTION; CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS; RISK ASSESSMENT; GRAPHITE; ENERGY STORAGE; CHERNOBYLSK-4 REACTOR; COMBUSTION KINETICS; IGNITION; LOSS OF COOLANT; NEUTRON FLUX; REACTOR SAFETY; RESEARCH REACTORS; VERY HIGH TEMPERATURE; VRAIN REACTOR; WINDSCALE PRODUCTION REACTORS; ACCIDENTS; AIR COOLED REACTORS; CARBON; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; ELEMENTAL MINERALS; ELEMENTS; ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS; GAS COOLED REACTORS; GRAPHITE MODERATED REACTORS; HELIUM COOLED REACTORS; HTGR TYPE REACTORS; KINETICS; LWGR TYPE REACTORS; MINERALS; NATURAL URANIUM REACTORS; NONMETALS; OXIDATION; PLUTONIUM PRODUCTION REACTORS; POWER REACTORS; PRODUCTION REACTORS; RADIATION FLUX; REACTION KINETICS; REACTOR ACCIDENTS; REACTORS; RESEARCH AND TEST REACTORS; SAFETY; STORAGE; THERMAL REACTORS; THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; WATER COOLED REACTORS
Description/AbstractThis report reviews existing literature and knowledge on graphite burning and on stored energy accumulation and releases in order to assess what role, if any, a stored energy release can have in initiating or contributing to hypothetical graphite burning scenarios in research reactors. It also addresses the question of graphite ignition and self-sustained combustion in the event of a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA). The conditions necessary to initiate and maintain graphite burning are summarized and discussed. From analyses of existing information it is concluded that only stored energy accumulations and releases below the burning temperature (650/sup 0/C) are pertinent. After reviewing the existing knowledge on stored energy it is possible to show that stored energy releases do not occur spontaneously, and that the maximum stored energy that can be released from any reactor containing graphite is a very small fraction of the energy produced during the first few minutes of a burning incident. The conclusions from these analyses are that the potential to initiate or maintain a graphite burning incident is essentially independent of the stored energy in the graphite, and depends on other factors that are unique for these reactors, research reactors, and for Fort St. Vrain. In order to have self-sustained rapid graphite oxidation in any of these reactors, certain necessary conditions of geometry, temperature, oxygen supply, reaction product removal, and a favorable heat balance must be maintained. There is no new evidence associated with either the Windscale Accident or the Chernobyl Accident that indicates a credible potential for a graphite burning accident in any of the reactors considered in this review.
Country of PublicationUnited States
LanguageEnglish
FormatMedium: ED; Size: Pages: 39
AvailabilityNTIS, PC A03/MF A01 - GPO.
System Entry Date2009 May 14

2)
Carbon
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 1967, Pages 137-153
doi:10.1016/0008-6223(67)90067-X | How to Cite or Link Using DOI
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A study of the ignition of graphite

P.R.C. Goard, M.F.R. Mulcahy

Division of Coal Research, CSIRO, P.O. Box 175, Chatswood, New South Wales, Australia

Received 26 September 1966; Available online 17 April 2003.

Abstract

The ignition of electrically heated rods of spectroscopic graphite subjected to transverse streams of oxygen or air at various velocities has been studied. Pre-ignition combustion occurs within the pores of the graphite but does not completely penetrate the rod (0·6 cm dia.); the conditions for ignition are therefore partly determined by the diffusion of oxygen into the pores. Ignition is facilitated by oxidizing the graphite prior to testing and hindered by depositing pyrolytic carbon in the pores. The conditions for ignition are discussed with reference to the theory of Frank-Kamenetskii,(1) extended to include the effect of pore-diffusion on the combustion kinetics. The practicability of calculating ignition temperatures from published kinetics data and physical properties is explored in some detail. It is concluded that the accuracy of the calculations is limited severely by uncertainties in the kinetics data and in knowledge of the degree of activation of the graphite (or other carbon) by the oxidant before ignition.

Carbon
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 1967, Pages 137-153


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